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The U.S. government invests more than $50 billion per year in R&D procurement but we know little about the outcomes of these investments. We have traced all the patents arising from government funding since the year 2000. About 1.5 percent of all R&D procu ...
Le Conservatoire des arts et métiers est fondé en 1794, trois ans après la loi qui crée les brevets d’invention. Cet article retrace les liens entre la nouvelle institution et les brbevets, en insistant sur l’entreprise de publication des brevets expirés d ...
In 1791, the Loi relative aux découvertes utiles instituted a new patent system in France. Because patents were seen as the expression of the natural right of inventors, prior examination was abolished. However, only a few years after the law was passed, a ...
We have constructed a fitness parameter, characterizing the intrinsic attractiveness for patents to be cited, from attributes of the associated inventions known at the time a patent is granted. This exogenously obtained fitness is shown to determine the te ...
The Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights Agreement, administered by the World Trade Organization, ensures the smooth functioning of the international patent system. It promises among other things that local and foreign firms are treated in ...
Establishing a link between atomistic processes and battery cell behavior is a major challenge for lithium ion batteries. Focusing on liquid electrolytes, we describe parameter-free molecular dynamics predictions of their mass and charge transport properti ...
Many studies rely on patent citations to measure intellectual heritage and impact. In this article, we show that the nature of patent citations has changed dramatically in recent years. Today, a small minority of patent applications are generating a large ...
The dataset provides geographic coordinates for inventor and applicant locations in 18.8 million patent documents spanning over more than 30 years. The geocoded data are further allocated to the corresponding countries, regions and cities. When the address ...
With the dynamics of employment growth in Luxembourg, more and more workers cross the border every day to get to their workplaces. This article proposes to study the daily lives of these cross-border workers by analysing their daily activity programmes bas ...
Software network functions (NFs), or middleboxes, promise flexibility and easy deployment of network services but face the serious challenge of unexpected performance behaviour. We propose the notion of a performance contract, a construct formulated in ter ...
