Summary
A valgus deformity is a condition in which the bone segment distal to a joint is angled outward, that is, angled laterally, away from the body's midline. The opposite deformation, where the twist or angulation is directed medially, toward the center of the body, is called varus. Common causes of valgus knee (genu valgum or "knock-knee") in adults include arthritis of the knee and traumatic injuries. Rheumatoid knee commonly presents as valgus knee. Osteoarthritis knee may also sometimes present with valgus deformity though varus deformity is common. Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) to correct valgus deformity is surgically difficult and requires specialized implants called constrained condylar knees. Ankle: talipes valgus (from Latin talus = ankle and pes = foot) – outward turning of the heel, resulting in a 'flat foot' presentation. Elbows: cubitus valgus (from Latin cubitus = elbow) – forearm is angled away from the body Foot: pes valgus (from Latin pes = foot) – a medial deviation of the foot at subtalar joint. Hand: manus valgus (from Latin manus = hand) Hip: coxa valga (from Latin coxa = hip) – the shaft of the femur is bent outward in respect to the neck of the femur. Coxa valga >125 degrees. Coxa vara
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