Céligny

Céligny is a municipality in the canton of Geneva, Switzerland. It consists of two small exclaves of the Canton of Geneva surrounded by the Canton of Vaud, near Crans-près-Céligny. Céligny is first mentioned in 1163 as Siliniacum. Céligny has an area, , of . Of this area, or 65.2% is used for agricultural purposes, while or 19.6% is forested. Of the rest of the land, or 16.1% is settled (buildings or roads) and or 0.2% is unproductive land. Of the built up area, housing and buildings made up 11.0% and transportation infrastructure made up 4.9%. Out of the forested land, 15.1% of the total land area is heavily forested and 4.5% is covered with orchards or small clusters of trees. Of the agricultural land, 51.8% is used for growing crops and 11.0% is pastures, while 2.4% is used for orchards or vine crops. The municipality consists of two disconnected territories of the Canton of Geneva. The smaller one contains the settlements of La Grande Coudre and La Petite Coudre and is entirely surrounded by the Canton of Vaud; it is thus both an exclave and an enclave. The larger one consists of the village of Céligny on a hill above Lake Geneva along with the small Le Brassus valley; being adjacent to a part of Lake Geneva belonging to the Canton of Geneva but not to the municipality of Celigny, it is thus by itself neither an exclave nor an enclave. However, together with this adjacent part of the lake, it does constitute an exclave of the Canton (but still not an enclave). The municipality of Céligny consists of the sub-sections or villages of Les Bondex, Murat, Céligny - lac, Céligny - village and Les Coudres. Royallist journalist and thinker Jacques Mallet du Pan was born in Céligny. The notable Italian economist Vilfredo Pareto, father of the 80/20 theory and Paretos Optimatality, lived in Céligny, earning him the epithet of "hermit of Céligny". He died on 19 August 1923 in Céligny and was buried in the small Céligny cemetery without fanfare on 23 August 1923. The engraving on his tombstone simply states Vil-Fredo Pareto.