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Concept
Bodhipakkhiyādhammā
Summary
In Buddhism, the bodhipakkhiyā dhammā (Pali; variant spellings include bodhipakkhikā dhammā and bodhapakkhiyā dhammā; Skt.: bodhipakṣa dharma) are qualities (dhammā) conducive or related to (pakkhiya) awakening/understanding (bodhi), i.e. the factors and wholesome qualities which are developed when the mind is trained (bhavana).
In the Pali commentaries, the term bodhipakkhiyā dhammā is used to refer to seven sets of such qualities regularly attributed to the Buddha throughout the Pali Canon. Within these seven sets of bodhi-related qualities, there is listed a total of thirty-seven repetitious and interrelated qualities (sattatiṃsa bodhipakkhiyā dhammā).
These seven sets of qualities are recognized by both Theravadan and Mahayanan Buddhists as complementary facets of the Buddhist path to bodhi.
In the Pali Canon's Bhāvanānuyutta sutta ("Mental Development Discourse," AN 7.67), the Buddha is recorded as saying:
Monks, although a monk who does not apply himself to the meditative development of his mind [bhavana] may wish, "Oh, that my mind might be free from the taints by non-clinging!", yet his mind will not be freed. For what reason? "Because he has not developed his mind," one has to say. Not developed it in what? In the four foundations of mindfulness, the four right kinds of striving, the four bases of success, the five spiritual faculties, the five spiritual powers, the seven factors of enlightenment and the Noble Eightfold Path.
Elsewhere in the Canon, and in numerous places in the āgamas of other early schools, these seven sets of thirty-seven qualities conducive to Enlightenment are enumerated as:
Satipatthana
Mindfulness of the body (kāyānupassanā, S. kayānupasthāna)
Mindfulness of feelings (vedanānupassanā, S. vedanānupasthāna)
Mindfulness of mental states (cittānupassanā, S. cittanupasthāna)
Mindfulness of mental qualities (dhammānupassanā, S. dharmanupasthāna)
Four Right Exertions
Vīrya
Effort for the preventing of unskillful states to arise
Effort for the abandoning of the already arisen unskillful states
Effort for the arising of skillful states
Effort for the sustaining and increasing of arisen skillful states
Iddhipada
Intention or will (chanda, S.
Official source
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