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This paper presents a new approach for monitoring and estimating device reliability of nanometer-scale devices prior to fabrication. A four-layer architecture exhibiting a large immunity to permanent as well as random failures is used. A complete tool for ...
Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) differentiated in vitro will yield a multitude of hematopoietic derivatives, yet progenitors displaying true stem cell activity remain difficult to obtain. Possible causes are a biased differentiation to primitive yolk sac-type ...
The Notch signaling pathway is involved in diverse biological processes such as cell fate decisions or stem cell maintenance. In this study, we assessed the role of this pathway for melanocyte development and hair pigmentation using RBP-Jkappa, Notch1, and ...
Here we describe the generation of the Nes-Cre1 transgenic mouse line in which Cre recombinase expression is controlled by the rat nestin promoter and intron 2 enhancer. This line has previously been used for conditional loss-of-function studies of various ...
Dynamic stresses that are present in all living tissues drive small fluid flows, called interstitial flows, through the extracellular matrix. Interstitial flow not only helps to transport nutrients throughout the tissue, but also has important roles in tis ...
The transcription factor Sox4 is vital for fetal development, as Sox4–/– homozygotes die in utero. Sox4 mRNA is expressed in the early embryonic growth plate and is regulated by parathyroid hormone, but its function in bone modeling/remodeling is unknown. ...
Hox genes encode homeodomain-containing proteins that control embryonic development in multiple contexts. Up to 30 Hox genes, distributed among all four clusters, are expressed during mammalian kidney morphogenesis, but functional redundancy between them h ...
The digestive tract is made of different subdivisions with various functions. During embryonic development, the developing intestine expresses combinations of Hox genes along its anterior to posterior axis, suggesting a role for these genes in this regiona ...
Objective: To design a VCG lead system dedicated to the analysis of atrial fibrillation. Methods: Body surface potentials during atrial fibrillation were simulated by using a biophysical model of the human atria and thorax. The XYZ components of the equiva ...
Missense mutations and extra copies of the alpha-Synuclein gene result in Parkinson disease (PD). Human stem and progenitor cells can be expanded from embryonic tissues and provide a source of non-transformed neural cells to explore the effects of these pa ...