Concept

Astrogliosis

Related publications (102)

Activity-dependent regulation of energy metabolism by astrocytes: an update

Astrocytes play a critical role in the regulation of brain metabolic responses to activity. One detailed mechanism proposed to describe the role of astrocytes in some of these responses has come to be known as the astrocyte-neuron lactate shuttle hypothesi ...

2007

Expression of mutated huntingtin fragment in the putamen is sufficient to produce abnormal movement in non-human primates

Patrick Aebischer

Huntington's disease (HD) is a neurological disorder characterized by striatal degeneration, motor symptoms and complex neuropsychiatric alterations. There is currently no genetic model of HD in non-human primates (NHPs). In this study we investigated neur ...

2007

Transgenic SOD1 mice as a model for developing amyotrophic lateral sclerosis therapies

Sandrine Guillot

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease characterized by a loss of motor neurons in the brain (brainstem and cortex) and the spinal cord that leads to a motor neurological symptomatology. Approximately 10% of ALS case ...

EPFL2005

The neocortical microcircuit as a tabula rasa

Henry Markram, Gilad Silberberg

The neocortex has a high capacity for plasticity. To understand the full scope of this capacity, it is essential to know how neurons choose particular partners to form synaptic connections. By using multineuron whole-cell recordings and confocal microscopy ...

2005

Neuroenergetics: calling upon astrocytes to satisfy hungry neurons

Pierre Magistretti, Luc Pellerin

Classical neuroenergetics states that glucose is the exclusive energy substrate of brain cells and its full oxidation provides all the necessary energy to support brain function. Recent data have revealed a more intricate picture in which astrocytes play a ...

2004

Neuroprotective gene therapy for Huntington's disease, using polymer-encapsulated cells engineered to secrete human ciliary neurotrophic factor: results of a phase I study

Patrick Aebischer

Huntington's disease (HD) is a monogenic neurodegenerative disease that affects the efferent neurons of the striatum. The protracted evolution of the pathology over 15 to 20 years, after clinical onset in adulthood, underscores the potential of therapeutic ...

2004

Dual-gene, dual-cell type therapy against an excitotoxic insult by bolstering neuroenergetics

Pierre Magistretti, Luc Pellerin

Increasing evidence suggests that glutamate activates the generation of lactate from glucose in astrocytes; this lactate is shuttled to neurons that use it as a preferential energy source. We explore this multicellular "lactate shuttle" with a novel dual-c ...

2004

Early acquisition of typical metabolic features upon differentiation of mouse neural stem cells into astrocytes

Pierre Magistretti, Sylvain Eric Lengacher, Luc Pellerin, Jean-Yves Chatton

Specific metabolic features, such as glutamate reuptake, have been associated with normal functions of mature astrocytes. In this study, we examined whether these characteristics are acquired together with classical phenotypic markers of differentiated ast ...

2004

Long-term lentiviral-mediated expression of ciliary neurotrophic factor in the striatum of Huntington's disease transgenic mice

Patrick Aebischer, Jean-Charles Bensadoun, Diana Zala

Ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) has been shown to prevent behavioral deficits and striatal degeneration in neurotoxic models of Huntington's disease (HD), but its effect in a genetic model has not been evaluated. Lentiviral vectors expressing the human ...

2004

Astrocytes generate Na+-mediated metabolic waves

Pierre Magistretti, Yann Bernardinelli, Jean-Yves Chatton

Glutamate-evoked Na+ increase in astrocytes has been identified as a signal coupling synaptic activity to glucose consumption. Astrocytes participate in multicellular signaling by transmitting intercellular Ca2+ waves. Here we show that intercellular Na+ w ...

2004

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