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Concept
Sleep study
Summary
A sleep study is a test that records the activity of the body during sleep. There are five main types of sleep studies that use different methods to test for different sleep characteristics and disorders. These include simple sleep studies, polysomnography, multiple sleep latency tests (MSLTs), maintenance of wakefulness tests (MWTs), and home sleep tests (HSTs). In medicine, sleep studies have been useful in identifying and ruling out various sleep disorders. Sleep studies have also been valuable to psychology, in which they have provided insight into brain activity and the other physiological factors of both sleep disorders and normal sleep. This has allowed further research to be done on the relationship between sleep and behavioral and psychological factors.
Depending on the method being used, sleep studies can help diagnose or rule out the following disorders:
Sleep-related breathing disorders, such as sleep apnea
Sleep-related seizure disorders
Sleep-related movement disorders, such as periodic limb movement disorder, which is repeated muscle twitching of the feet, legs, or arms during sleep. Sleep studies may be used to diagnose or rule out restless legs syndrome (RLS). However, RLS usually is diagnosed based on signs and symptoms, medical history, and a physical exam.
Problems sleeping at night (insomnia): caused by stress, depression, hunger, physical discomfort, or other problem.
Sleep disorders that cause extreme daytime tiredness, such as narcolepsy or circadian rhythm sleep disorders.
Problems with nighttime behaviors, such as sleepwalking, night terrors, or bed-wetting
Bruxism or grinding of the teeth during sleep
Problems sleeping during the day because of working at night or rotating shift work. This sleep problem is called shift work sleep disorder.
Sleep studies can also determine problems with stages of sleep. The two primary categories of sleep are non-rapid eye movement (NREM) and rapid eye movement sleep (REM). Normally, four to five series of NREM and REM make up a night's sleep.
Official source
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