Hematologic disease

Hematologic diseases are disorders which primarily affect the blood & blood-forming organs. Hematologic diseases include rare genetic disorders, anemia, HIV, sickle cell disease & complications from chemotherapy or transfusions. Hemoglobinopathies (congenital abnormality of the hemoglobin molecule or of the rate of hemoglobin synthesis) Sickle cell disease Thalassemia Methemoglobinemia Anemias (lack of red blood cells or hemoglobin) Iron-deficiency anemia Megaloblastic anemia Vitamin B12 deficiency Pernicious anemia Folate deficiency Hemolytic anemias (destruction of red blood cells) Genetic disorders of RBC membrane Hereditary spherocytosis Hereditary elliptocytosis Congenital dyserythropoietic anemia Genetic disorders of RBC metabolism Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency (G6PD) Pyruvate kinase deficiency Immune mediated hemolytic anemia (direct Coombs test is positive) Autoimmune hemolytic anemia Warm antibody autoimmune hemolytic anemia Idiopathic Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) Evans syndrome (antiplatelet antibodies and hemolytic antibodies) Cold autoimmune hemolytic anemia Cold agglutinin disease Paroxysmal cold hemoglobinuria (rare) Infectious mononucleosis Alloimmune hemolytic anemia Hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN) Rh disease (Rh D) ABO hemolytic disease of the newborn Anti-Kell hemolytic disease of the newborn Rhesus c hemolytic disease of the newborn Rhesus E hemolytic disease of the newborn Other blood group incompatibility (RhC, Rhe, Kid, Duffy, MN, P and others) Drug induced immune mediated hemolytic anemia Penicillin (high dose) Methyldopa Hemoglobinopathies (where these is an unstable or crystalline hemoglobin) Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (rare acquired clonal disorder of red blood cell surface proteins) Direct physical damage to RBCs Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia Secondary to artificial heart valve(s) Aplastic anemia Fanconi anemia Diamond–Blackfan anemia (inherited pure red cell aplasia) Acquired pure red cell aplasia Decreased numbers of cells Myelodysplastic syndr

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Novel quantitative bioengineered tools to track human bone marrow niche cellular constituents in health and disease

Rita Sarkis

Acute leukemia has a high mortality rate of approximately 50%, and current methods are not effective in predicting disease progression and relapse. To improve our understanding of hematopoiesis and develop new markers for predicting disease relapse in dead ...

EPFL2023

Modeling hematopoietic stem cell dynamics in bioengineered niches

Sonja Giger

Bone marrow transplantation is a well-established medical procedure for the treatment of various hematologic diseases. However, the relatively low number of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) that can be harvested, especially from umbilical cord blood, limits ...

EPFL2019

From Patients to Platelets and Back Again: Pharmacological Approaches to Glycoprotein VI, a Thrilling Antithrombotic Target with Minor Bleeding Risks

Nikolaos Stergiopulos, Augusto Martins Lima

Despite significant advances in the treatment of thrombogenic diseases, antiplatelet therapies are still associated with a high bleeding risk. Consequently, potential benefits of preventing thromboembolic events by pharmacological agents need to be balance ...

GEORG THIEME VERLAG KG2019

T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia

T-cell-prolymphocytic leukemia (T-PLL) is a mature T-cell leukemia with aggressive behavior and predilection for blood, bone marrow, lymph nodes, liver, spleen, and skin involvement. T-PLL is a very rare leukemia, primarily affecting adults over the age of 30. It represents 2% of all small lymphocytic leukemias in adults. Other names include T-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia, "knobby" type of T-cell leukemia, and T-prolymphocytic leukemia/T-cell lymphocytic leukemia.

B-cell prolymphocytic leukemia

B-cell prolymphocytic leukemia, referred to as B-PLL, is a rare blood cancer. It is a more aggressive, but still treatable, form of leukemia. Specifically, B-PLL is a prolymphocytic leukemia (PLL) that affects prolymphocytes – immature forms of B-lymphocytes and T-lymphocytes – in the peripheral blood, bone marrow, and spleen. It is an aggressive cancer that presents poor response to treatment. Mature lymphocytes are infection-fighting immune system cells.

Primary myelofibrosis

Primary myelofibrosis (PMF) is a rare bone marrow blood cancer. It is classified by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a type of myeloproliferative neoplasm, a group of cancers in which there is activation and growth of mutated cells in the bone marrow. This is most often associated with a somatic mutation in the JAK2, CALR, or MPL genes. In PMF, the bony aspects of bone marrow are remodeled in a process called osteosclerosis; in addition, fibroblast secrete collagen and reticulin proteins that are collectively referred to as (fibrosis).

Antibodies: Technologies and Therapeutics CH-317: Drug discovery and development

Explores the development and challenges of antibody-based therapeutics, including chimeric and humanized antibodies, alternative scaffolds, and in vitro selection.