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Concept
Lübeck
Summary
Lübeck (ˈlyːbɛk; Low German: Lübęk or Lübeek [ˈlyːbeːk]; Latin: Lubeca; Danish: Lybæk), officially the Hanseatic City of Lübeck (Hansestadt Lübeck), is a city in Northern Germany. With around 216,000 inhabitants, it is the second-largest city on the German Baltic coast as well as in the state of Schleswig-Holstein, after its capital of Kiel, and is the 36th-largest city in Germany.
The city lies in the Holsatian part of Schleswig-Holstein, on the mouth of the Trave, which flows into the Bay of Lübeck in the borough of Travemünde, and on the Trave's tributary Wakenitz. The island with the historic old town and the districts north of the Trave are also located in the historical region of Wagria. Lübeck is the southwesternmost city on the Baltic Sea, and the closest point of access to the Baltic from Hamburg. The city lies in the Holsatian dialect area of Low German.
The name "Lübeck" ultimately stems from the Slavic root lub- ("love-"). Before 819, Polabian Slavs founded a settlement which they called Liubice on the mouth of the Schwartau into the Trave. Since the 10th century, Liubice was the second-most important settlement of the Obotrites after Starigard. Lübeck was granted Soest city rights in 1160, and, in 1260, it became an immediate city within the Holy Roman Empire. In the middle of the 12th century, Lübeck developed into the cradle of the Hanseatic League, of which it was considered the de facto capital and most important city from then on. The Lübeck law was eventually adopted by around 100 cities in the Baltic region. Lübeck could preserve its status as an independent city, which it held since 1260, until 1937.
Lübeck's historic old town, located on a densely builtup island, is Germany's most extensive UNESCO World Heritage Site. Nicknamed the "City of the Seven Towers" (Stadt der Sieben Türme), Lübeck's skyline is dominated by the seven towers of its five Protestant main churches: St Mary's, Lübeck Cathedral, de, de, and St Giles's. The cathedral from 1230 was the first large brickwork church in the Baltic region.
Official source
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