Cassandra is a free and open-source, distributed, wide-column store, NoSQL database management system designed to handle large amounts of data across many commodity servers, providing high availability with no single point of failure. Cassandra offers support for clusters spanning multiple datacenters, with asynchronous masterless replication allowing low latency operations for all clients. Cassandra was designed to implement a combination of Amazon's Dynamo distributed storage and replication techniques combined with Google's Bigtable data and storage engine model.
Avinash Lakshman, one of the authors of Amazon's Dynamo, and Prashant Malik initially developed Cassandra at Facebook to power the Facebook inbox search feature. Facebook released Cassandra as an open-source project on Google code in July 2008. In March 2009, it became an Apache Incubator project. On February 17, 2010, it graduated to a top-level project.
Facebook developers named their database after the Trojan mythological prophet Cassandra, with classical allusions to a curse on an oracle.
Releases after graduation include
0.6, released Apr 12 2010, added support for integrated caching, and Apache Hadoop MapReduce
0.7, released Jan 08 2011, added secondary indexes and online schema changes
0.8, released Jun 2 2011, added the Cassandra Query Language (CQL), self-tuning memtables, and support for zero-downtime upgrades
1.0, released Oct 17 2011, added integrated compression, leveled compaction, and improved read-performance
1.1, released Apr 23 2012, added self-tuning caches, row-level isolation, and support for mixed ssd/spinning disk deployments
1.2, released Jan 2 2013, added clustering across virtual nodes, inter-node communication, atomic batches, and request tracing
2.0, released Sep 4 2013, added lightweight transactions (based on the Paxos consensus protocol), triggers, improved compactions
2.1 released Sep 10 2014
2.2 released July 20, 2015
3.0 released November 11, 2015
3.1 through 3.