Vedic period

The Vedic period, or the Vedic age (1500-500 BCE), is the period in the late Bronze Age and early Iron Age of the history of India when the Vedic literature, including the Vedas (1500–900 BCE), was composed in the northern Indian subcontinent, between the end of the urban Indus Valley Civilisation and a second urbanisation, which began in the central Indo-Gangetic Plain 600 BCE. The Vedas are liturgical texts which formed the basis of the influential Brahmanical ideology, which developed in the Kuru Kingdom, a tribal union of several Indo-Aryan tribes. The Vedas contain details of life during this period that have been interpreted to be historical and constitute the primary sources for understanding the period. These documents, alongside the corresponding archaeological record, allow for the evolution of the Indo-Aryan and Vedic culture to be traced and inferred. The Vedas were composed and orally transmitted with precision by speakers of an Old Indo-Aryan language who had migrated

Nicolas Aspert, Joëlle Hanna, Volodymyr Miz, Benjamin Ricaud, Pierre Vandergheynst

In this work, we propose an automatic evaluation and comparison of the browsing behavior of Wikipedia readers that can be applied to any language editions of Wikipedia. As an example, we focus on English, French, and Russian languages during the last four months of 2018. The proposed method has three steps. Firstly, it extracts the most trending articles over a chosen period of time. Secondly, it performs a semi-supervised topic extraction and thirdly, it compares topics across languages. The automated processing works with the data that combines Wikipedia's graph of hyperlinks, pageview statistics and summaries of the pages. The results show that people share a common interest and curiosity for entertainment, e.g. movies, music, sports independently of their language. Differences appear in topics related to local events or about cultural particularities. Interactive visualizations showing clusters of trending pages in each language edition are available online https://wiki-insights.epfl.ch/wikitrends

ACM2020

Mechanical properties and cytocompatibility of dense and porous Zn produced by laser powder bed fusion for biodegradable implant applications

Karel Lietaert, Andreas Mortensen, Ludger Weber

In this work, the macrotexture of dense Zn produced by laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) was studied and the mechanical properties for different tensile bar orientations were measured. The compressive strength of LPBF Zn scaffolds with five different unit cells was measured for a relative density of 20-51%. In addition, the response of mesenchymal stem cells to the LPBF Zn scaffolds was studied. The elastic modulus and yield strength of dense LPBF Zn were 110.0 +/- 0.2 GPa and 78.0 +/- 0.4 MPa, respectively in the vertical and 81.0 +/- 0.4 GPa and 55.0 +/- 0.7 MPa in the horizontal direction. This could be explained by the preferential orientation of the < 0001 > direction in the building plane. For LPBF Zn scaffolds, the plateau stress for the different unit cells varied between 8 and 33 MPa for a 30% relative density. Calcein staining, lactate production and DNA measurements over a 13-day period showed that mesenchymal stem cell viability was low for Zn scaffolds. This work forms a basis for further research into the LPBF texture formation of metals with hexagonal crystal structure, guides implant designers in scaffold unit cell and relative density selection and motivates further research into the cytocompatibility of LPBF Zn. Statement of Significance Laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) is a manufacturing technology which allows the seamless combination of porous and non-porous volumes in a metallic implant and is used in the orthopedic manufacturing industry today. The production of highly dense Zn with LPBF has been described earlier, but the mechanical properties of the resulting material have not been studied in detail yet. This study is the first to report on (i) the influence of different scanning strategies on the macrotexture of dense LPBF Zn and the resulting anisotropy of its mechanical properties, (ii) the relationship between the relative density and strength for LPBF Zn scaffolds with five different unit cells and (iii) the in vitro response of mesenchymal stem cells to these scaffolds. (C) 2020 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

ELSEVIER SCI LTD2020

Average spectral acceleration as an intensity measure for collapse risk assessment

Dimitrios Lignos

This paper investigates the performance of spectral acceleration averaged over a period range (Saavg) as an intensity measure (IM) for estimating the collapse risk of structures subjected to earthquake loading. The performance of Saavg is evaluated using the following criteria: efficiency, sufficiency, the availability or ease of developing probabilistic seismic hazard information in terms of the IM and the variability of collapse risk estimates produced by the IM. Comparisons are also made between Saavg and the more traditional IM: spectral acceleration at the first-mode period of the structure (Sa(T1)). Though most previous studies have evaluated IMs using a relatively limited set of structures, this paper considers nearly 700 moment-resisting frame and shear wall structures of various heights to compare the efficiency and sufficiency of the IMs. The collapse risk estimates produced by Saavg and Sa(T1) are also compared, and the variability of the risk estimates is evaluated when different ground motion sets are used to assess the structural response. The results of this paper suggest that Saavg, when computed using an appropriate period range, is generally more efficient, more likely to be sufficient and provides more stable collapse risk estimates than Sa(T1). © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Wiley-Blackwell2015

Mechanical properties and cytocompatibility of dense and porous Zn produced by laser powder bed fusion for biodegradable implant applications

Karel Lietaert, Andreas Mortensen, Ludger Weber

ELSEVIER SCI LTD2020

What is Trending on Wikipedia? Capturing Trends and Language Biases Across Wikipedia Editions

Mechanical properties and cytocompatibility of dense and porous Zn produced by laser powder bed fusion for biodegradable implant applications

Average spectral acceleration as an intensity measure for collapse risk assessment

What is Trending on Wikipedia? Capturing Trends and Language Biases Across Wikipedia Editions

Mechanical properties and cytocompatibility of dense and porous Zn produced by laser powder bed fusion for biodegradable implant applications

Average spectral acceleration as an intensity measure for collapse risk assessment