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Concept
Sergei Winogradsky
Summary
Sergei Nikolaievich Winogradsky (or Vinohradsky; published under the name of Sergius Winogradsky or M. S. Winogradsky from Сергей Николаевич Виноградский|url= |journal=Infusion & Chemotherapy |language=en |issue=3 |pages=57–64 |doi=10.32902/2663-0338-2022-3-57-64 |issn=2709-0957 microbiologist, ecologist and soil scientist who pioneered the cycle-of-life concept. Winogradsky discovered the first known form of lithotrophy during his research with Beggiatoa in 1887. He reported that Beggiatoa oxidized hydrogen sulfide (H2S) as an energy source and formed intracellular sulfur droplets. This research provided the first example of lithotrophy, but not autotrophy.
His research on nitrifying bacteria would report the first known form of chemoautotrophy, showing how a lithotroph fixes carbon dioxide (CO2) to make organic compounds.
He is best known in school science as the inventor of the Winogradsky Column technique for the study of sediment microbes.
Winogradsky was born in Kyiv, Russian Empire to a family of wealthy lawyers. Among his paternal ancestors were Cossack atamans or hetmans (in Ukrainian), and on the maternal side - the hetman family Skoropadsky. In this early stage of his life, Winogradsky was "strictly devoted to the orthodox faith", though he later became irreligious.
After graduating from the 2nd Kyiv Gymnasium in 1873, he began studying law, but he entered the Imperial Conservatoire of Music in St Petersburg in 1875 to study piano. However, after two years of music training, he entered the University of Saint Petersburg in 1877 to study chemistry under Nikolai Menshutkin and botany under Andrei Sergeevich Famintzin.
He received a diploma in 1881 and stayed at the St. Petersburg University for a degree of Master of Science in botany in 1884. In 1885, he began work at the University of Strasbourg under the renowned botanist Anton de Bary; Winogradsky became renowned for his work on sulfur bacteria.
Official source
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