November 4

1429 – Armagnac–Burgundian Civil War: Joan of Arc liberates Saint-Pierre-le-Moûtier. 1493 – Christopher Columbus reaches Leeward Island and Puerto Rico. 1501 – Catherine of Aragon (later Henry VIII's first wife) meets Arthur Tudor, Henry VIII's older brother – they would later marry. 1576 – Eighty Years' War: In Flanders, Spain captures Antwerp (which is nearly destroyed after three days). 1677 – The future Mary II of England marries William, Prince of Orange; they later jointly reign as William and Mary. 1737 – The Teatro di San Carlo, the oldest working opera house in Europe, is inaugurated in Naples, Italy. 1780 – The Rebellion of Túpac Amaru II against Spanish rule in the Viceroyalty of Peru begins. 1783 – Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart's Symphony No. 36 is performed for the first time in Linz, Austria. 1791 – Northwest Indian War: The Western Confederacy of American Indians wins a major victory over the United States in the Battle of the Wabash. 1798 – The Russo-Ottoman siege of Corfu begins. 1839 – Newport Rising: The last large-scale armed rebellion against authority in mainland Britain. 1847 – Sir James Young Simpson, a Scottish physician, discovers the anaesthetic properties of chloroform. 1852 – Camillo Benso, Count of Cavour, becomes the prime minister of Piedmont-Sardinia, which soon expands to become Italy. 1864 – American Civil War: Confederate troops bombard a Union supply base and destroy millions of dollars in materiel at the Battle of Johnsonville. 1868 – Camagüey, Cuba, revolts against Spain during the Ten Years' War. 1890 – City and South London Railway: London's first deep-level tube railway opens between King William Street and Stockwell. 1918 – World War I: The Armistice of Villa Giusti between Italy and Austria-Hungary is implemented. 1921 – The Saalschutz Abteilung (hall defense detachment) of the Nazi Party is renamed the Sturmabteilung (storm detachment) after a large riot in Munich. 1921 – Japanese Prime Minister Hara Takashi is assassinated in Tokyo.