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Astrocyte end-feet surround intraparenchymal microvessels and represent therefore the first cellular barrier for glucose entering the brain. As such, they are a likely site of prevalent glucose uptake. Astrocytic processes are also wrapped around synaptic ...
Many hormones, growth factors and neurotransmitters stimulate the production of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate evoking the release of calcium from intracellular stores. The depletion of these intracellular calcium stores subsequently activates a voltage-inde ...
Astrocytes appear to be ideally localized to couple neuronal activity to energy metabolism. First, specialized processes, the astrocytic end-feet surround blood vessels, the source of glucose for the brain. Second, other processes ensheath synapses and exp ...
Deficiency in monoamine oxidase A (MAOA), an enzyme that degrades serotonin and norepinephrine, has recently been shown to be associated with aggressive behavior in men of a Dutch family. A line of transgenic mice was isolated in which transgene integratio ...
Excitatory synaptic transmission is associated with changes in both extracellular and intracellular pH. Using mouse cortical neurons in primary cultures, we studied the sensitivity of glutamate-evoked release of 3H-arachidonic acid (3H-AA) to changes in ex ...
Changing the reliability of neurotransmitter release results in a change in the efficacy of low frequency synaptic transmission and in the rate of high frequency synaptic depression thus it can not cause an uniform change in strength of synapses and instea ...
The ob gene product, leptin, is a signaling factor regulating body weight and energy balance. ob gene expression in rodents is increased in obesity and is regulated by feeding patterns and hormones, such as insulin and glucocorticoids. In humans with gross ...
The effects of noradrenaline (NA) on synaptic responses in layer II of the entorhinal cortex (EC) were studied in normal and spontaneously epileptic mutant mice tottering using intracellular recording in a slice preparation. Neither the membrane properties ...
The entorhinal cortex is a gateway to the hippocampus; it receives inputs from several cortical associative areas as well as subcortical areas. Since there is evidence showing that noradrenaline reduces the epileptic activity generated in the entorhinal co ...
In the central nervous system, nitric oxide has been proposed to be a retrograde messenger mediating learning and synaptic plasticity. Since only pretraining injections of nitric oxide synthesis inhibitors were shown to impair learning, we examined the pos ...
