Parallel Virtual Machine

Parallel Virtual Machine (PVM) is a software tool for parallel networking of computers. It is designed to allow a network of heterogeneous Unix and/or Windows machines to be used as a single distributed parallel processor. Thus large computational problems can be solved more cost effectively by using the aggregate power and memory of many computers. The software is very portable; the source code, available free through netlib, has been compiled on everything from laptops to Crays. PVM enables users to exploit their existing computer hardware to solve much larger problems at less additional cost. PVM has been used as an educational tool to teach parallel programming but has also been used to solve important practical problems. It was developed by the University of Tennessee, Oak Ridge National Laboratory and Emory University. The first version was written at ORNL in 1989, and after being rewritten by University of Tennessee, version 2 was released in March 1991. Vers

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Integration of Grid Cost Model into ISS/VIOLA Meta-scheduler Environment

Vincent Keller, Michela Thiémard

The Broker with the cost function model of the ISS/VIOLA Meta-Scheduling System implementation is described in details. The Broker includes all the algorithmic steps needed to determine a well suited machine for an application component. This judicious choice is based on a deterministic cost function model including a set of parameters that can be adapted to policies set up by computing centres or application owners. All the quantities needed for the cost function can be found in the DataWarehouse, or are available through the schedulers of the different machines forming the Grid. An ISS-Simulator has been designed to simulate the real-life scheduling of existent clusters and to virtually include new parallel machines. It will be used to validate the cost model and to tune the different free parameters.

Springer2007

Can a Helmholtz solver run on a cluster?

Marc Anthony David Habisreutinger, Vincent Keller, Emmanuel Leriche

Our vectorized Helmholtz solver runs at 85% efficiency on a NEC SX-5. The most time-consuming parts have been ported on SMP, NUMA, and cluster architectures. It is shown that an OpenMP version can deliver similar performance when running it on a 16 processor SGI Altix. A partial parallelisation using MPI is made to validate the Gamma model to predict application behaviours on parallel machines. This model is then applied to simulate the behaviour of a hypothetical full MPI version on different distributed memory machines. It is found that only the Cray XT3 with its very fast internode communication network will be able to deliver the performance of a NEC SX-8 with the advantage that bigger case could be handled

IEEE2006

Tempest: A Substrate for Portable Parallel Programs

James Richard Larus, David Wood

The paper describes Tempest, a collection of mechanisms for communication and synchronization in parallel programs. With these mechanisms, authors of compilers, libraries, and application programs can exploit-across a wide range of hardware platforms-the best of shared memory, message passing, and hybrid combinations of the two. Because Tempest provides mechanisms, not policies, programmers can tailor communication to a program's sharing pattern and semantics, rather than restructuring the program to run with the limited communication options offered by existing parallel machines. And since the mechanisms are easily supported on different machines. Tempest provides a portable interface across platforms. The paper describes the Tempest mechanisms, briefly explains how they are used, outlines several implementations on both custom and stock hardware, and presents preliminary performance results that demonstrate the benefits of this approach.

IEEE1995

Computer cluster

A computer cluster is a set of computers that work together so that they can be viewed as a single system. Unlike grid computers, computer clusters have each node set to perform the same task, con

Supercomputer

A supercomputer is a computer with a high level of performance as compared to a general-purpose computer. The performance of a supercomputer is commonly measured in floating-point operations per sec

Message Passing Interface

Message Passing Interface (MPI) is a standardized and portable message-passing standard designed to function on parallel computing architectures. The MPI standard defines the syntax and semantics of

CS-233(b): Introduction to machine learning (BA4)

Machine learning and data analysis are becoming increasingly central in many sciences and applications. In this course, fundamental principles and methods of machine learning will be introduced, analyzed and practically implemented.

CS-442: Computer vision

Computer Vision aims at modeling the world from digital images acquired using video or infrared cameras, and other imaging sensors. We will focus on images acquired using digital cameras. We will introduce basic processing techniques and discuss their field of applicability.