Mode of transport

Mode of transport is a term used to distinguish between different ways of transportation or transporting people or goods. The different modes of transport are air, water, and land transport, which includes rails or railways, road and off-road transport. Other modes of transport also exist, including pipelines, cable transport, and space transport. Human-powered transport and animal-powered transport are sometimes regarded as their own mode, but never fall into the other categories. In general, transportation is used for moving of people, animals, and other goods from one place to another. Means of transport, on the other hand, refers to the transport facilities used to carry people or cargo according to the chosen mode (animal, vehicle, car, airplane, ship, truck, train and so on and so forth). Each mode of transport has a fundamentally different technological solution, and some require a separate environment. Each mode has its own infrastructure, vehicles, transport operators and oper

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Participation processes in the field of public transportation

Levy Sharabi

As the complexity of urban planning increases by the discovery of new issues and new dynamics, it appears that the “role of the planner as the technical expert just supporting the political decision makers has been progressively substituted by the awareness of the wicked nature of planning problems” (Balducci and Mäntysalo 2013) and that “the notion of value-neutral expertise is no longer widely accepted” (Innes 1998). In this framework, an attempt to show the necessity for participation in public transportation planning for sustainable development derived to a proposal for defining the framework of participation, based on theories of communication, and a proposal for a series of important aspects to be taken into consideration for designing and assessing a participation framework, based on additional theories of participation processes. The study of two case studies in Switzerland and in Japan is then analysed with this framework and the results are discussed in a comparison, putting into perspective the specificities of each case with the aim of bringing a better insight about participation framework and processes. The extent to which are influenced public transportation in each case is also assessed, highlighting the need to focus on an issue specific to this transportation mode in order to make the study of participation process in this field relevant. Finally, a set of recommendation is proposed, based on the theory from the first part and the points highlighted in the second part. EPFL

2018

Toward Sustainable Ridesourcing Services: A Simulation Study on the Effects of Congestion, Fleet Size, and Willingness to Share

Caio Vitor Beojone, Nikolaos Geroliminis

Human mobility in large cities is a complex dynamical system with high density of population, many transport modes to compete for limited available space and many operators that try to efficiently manage different parts of this system. New emerging modes of transportation such as ride-sourcing (known as Transportation Network Companies – TNCs) and on-demand services create additional opportunities, but also more complexity. It is imperative to understand how TNCs' operations can interfere in traffic conditions while replacing other transportation modes to seek improvements in urban mobility. Moreover, the matching process shall have a place and thus the impact of passengers' behavior too, in a ridesplitting scenario. Therefore, this paper aims to investigate the effect of expanding fleet sizes for TNCs, passengers with different willingness to share, and operational strategies over congestion conditions under a sustainable perspective. This investigation considered a simulated urban network with real demand data from taxis in a megacity and incorporated traffic conditions through a Macroscopic Fundamental Diagram (MFD). Results show that sharing (allowing passengers to share their ride and have many passengers willing to do so) by itself is not capable of decreasing VKT if there is no control to the fleet size. On the other hand, sharing decreases the number of vehicles needed to provide high coverage and service times. To reduce emissions (by reducing VKT), TNCs should change their modus operandi; in a way to avoid that their fleet cruises without a defined trip (passenger with origin and destination).

2020

On the inefficiency of ride-sourcing services towards urban congestion

Caio Vitor Beojone, Nikolaos Geroliminis

The advent of shared-economy and smartphones made on-demand transportation services possible, which created additional opportunities, but also more complexity to urban mobility. Companies that offer these services are called Transportation Network Companies (TNCs) due to their internet-based nature. Although ride-sourcing is the most notorious service TNCs provide, little is known about to what degree its operations can interfere in traffic conditions, while replacing other transportation modes, or when a large number of idle vehicles is cruising for passengers. We experimentally analyze the efficiency of TNCs using taxi trip data from a Chinese megacity and an agent-based simulation with a trip-based MFD model for determining the speed. We investigate the effect of expanding fleet sizes for TNCs, passengers’ inclination towards sharing rides, and strategies to alleviate urban congestion. We observe that, although a larger fleet size reduces waiting time, it also intensifies congestion, which, in turn, prolongs the total travel time. Such congestion effect is so significant that it is nearly insensitive to passengers’ willingness to share and flexible supply. Finally, parking management strategies can prevent idle vehicles from cruising without assigned passengers, mitigating the negative impacts of ride-sourcing over congestion, and improving the service quality.

2020

Transport

Transport (in British English) or transportation (in American English) is the intentional movement of humans, animals, and goods from one location to another. Modes of transport include air, land (rai

Traffic congestion

Traffic congestion is a condition in transport that is characterized by slower speeds, longer trip times, and increased vehicular queueing. Traffic congestion on urban road networks has increased su

Sustainable transport

Sustainable transport refers to ways of transportation that are sustainable in terms of their social and environmental impacts. Components for evaluating sustainability include the particular vehic

MGT-426: Logistics and demand analysis

Ce cours a pour objectif de présenter la fonction logistique de l'entreprise dans le cadre d'une approche globale, de la logistique au supply chain management, en insistant sur l'importance de la demande "client" tirant tous processus de la chaîne d'ajout de valeur du produit ou du service

HUM-124(b): Global issues: mobility B

Human and freight mobility in large cities is a complex process with dense population and many transport modes to compete for limited space. New emerging modes of transport, such as on-demand services, and new technologies, such as autonomous vehicles, create additional opportunities and challenges.

ENV-361: Urban and regional planning and Management

Les étudiants comprennent les problématiques principales du développement territorial. Les outils d'aménagement du territoire (du niveau fédéral au niveau communal) leur sont familiers. Ils connaissent les démarches foncières ainsi que les aspects financiers relatifs à un projet territorial.