Anthelmintic

Summary

Anthelmintics or antihelminthics are a group of antiparasitic drugs that expel parasitic worms (helminths) and other internal parasites from the body by either stunning or killing them and without causing significant damage to the host. They may also be called vermifuges (those that stun) or vermicides (those that kill). Anthelmintics are used to treat people who are infected by helminths, a condition called helminthiasis. These drugs are also used to treat infected animals. Pills containing anthelmintics are used in mass deworming campaigns of school-aged children in many developing countries. The drugs of choice for soil-transmitted helminths are mebendazole and albendazole; for schistosomiasis and tapeworms it is praziquantel. Antiparasitics that specifically target worms of the genus Ascaris are called ascaricides. Benzimidazoles: Albendazole – effective against threadworms, roundworms, whipworms, tapeworms, hookworms Mebendazole – effective against various nematodes Thiabendazole – effective against various nematodes Fenbendazole – effective against various parasites Triclabendazole – effective against liver flukes Flubendazole – effective against most intestinal parasites Avermectins (including ivermectin) - effective against most common intestinal worms, except tapeworms, for which praziquantel is commonly used in conjunction for mass dewormings Diethylcarbamazine – effective against Wuchereria bancrofti, Brugia malayi, Brugia timori, and Loa loa Pyrantel pamoate – effective against most nematode infections residing within the intestines Levamisole Salicylanilide – mitochondrial un-couplers (used only for flatworm infections): Niclosamide Oxyclozanide Nitazoxanide – readily kills Ascaris lumbricoides, and also possess antiprotozoal effects Oxamniquine – effective against flatworms (e.g., tapeworms and schistosoma) Praziquantel – effective against flatworms (e.g., tapeworms and schistosoma) Octadepsipeptides (e.g.

Official source

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anthelmintic

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Related concepts (13)

Anthelmintic

Parasitic worm

Parasitic worms, also known as helminths, are large macroparasites; adults can generally be seen with the naked eye. Many are intestinal worms that are soil-transmitted and infect the gastrointestinal tract. Other parasitic worms such as schistosomes reside in blood vessels. Some parasitic worms, including leeches and monogeneans, are ectoparasites - thus, they are not classified as helminths, which are endoparasites. Parasitic worms live in and feed in living hosts.

Nematode

The nematodes (ˈnɛmətəʊdz or ; Νηματώδη; Nematoda) or roundworms constitute the phylum Nematoda (also called Nemathelminthes), with plant-parasitic nematodes also known as eelworms. They are a diverse animal phylum inhabiting a broad range of environments. Less formally, they are categorized as helminths, but are taxonomically classified along with arthropods, tardigrades and other moulting animals in the clade Ecdysozoa. Unlike the vaguely similar flatworms, nematodes have a tubular digestive system, with openings at both ends.

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