Journée de solidarité envers les personnes âgées

The French Journée de solidarité (or Journée de solidarité envers les personnes âgées / Day of solidarity with the elderly) is a French law from the Code Du Travail. It was established on June 30, 2004 under the government of Jean-Pierre Raffarin. This law states that each year an employee must work seven hours for free for one of his or her employers, and that each year the employer has to pay a specific contribution. The contribution is defined by another law at a rate of 0.3 percent to be paid to the ad hoc Caisse nationale de solidarité pour l'autonomie by the employers (0.3 percent is considered to be the approximate value of this seven hours' work). Its effect is the removal of a day's holiday. The implementation of this new kind of 'worked holiday' has been complicated, and has led to some controversy over its implications for social rights. Adopted after the 2003 heatwave caused the death of nearly 15,000 people, the revenue from the law is intended to finance actions in favor of elderly people, especially to prevent risks due to excessive heat. Firms must pay one day's gross salary (without wage costs and social security contributions) for each employee to the State. Estimated figures led to discussion as to the scheme's productivity, which Prime Minister Dominique de Villepin judged satisfactory. On June 1, 2006, he said that benefits from the day (scheme) had been "incalculable". The employer pays exactly 0.3 percent of employees' gross salary, which is included in employer wage costs. This amount is almost equivalent to one day of net salary. The employer does not have wage costs to pay for that working holiday (because there is no net salary for that day). Thus it results in the employer paying only half the usual rate for one working day and benefits from that day. Over the course of a year, this day is almost equal to (considering a rate of 50 percent for employer wage costs): an increase of 0.44 percent for working hours for the employee, i.e., a decrease of 0.43 percent for hourly wage; a decrease of nearly 0.

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Cohabitation intergénérationnelle: logements protégés et école primaire

Gleb Kolesnikov

La tendance à concevoir des bâtiments qui visent à favoriser les interactions intergénérationnelles entre les usagers est une réalité de la production architecturale actuelle en Suisse. Toutefois, cette mixité reste pour le moment plutôt timide quant aux échanges et aux apports sociaux qui devraient en découler. En effet, nous voyons que l’on cherche majoritairement à rapprocher personnes âgées et étudiants ou personnes âgées et enfants en crèches. Mais ce type de cohabitation n’anime pas suffisamment le quotidien des seniors et ne permet pas les échanges qui leur seraient favorables. Le projet a pour objectif d’assumer pleinement une cohabitation intergénérationnelle quitte à regrouper, au sein d’un même ouvrage, des générations diamétralement opposées, à savoir des personnes du troisième âge (relativement autonomes mais nécessitant une assistance occasionnelle) et des écoliers de 6 à 12 ans. La parcelle investie par le projet jouxte l’EMS Villa-Beausite à Fribourg, imposante demeure construite en 1900. Le projet ménage des espaces extérieurs distincts pour les usagers du nouveau bâtiment, dont la toiture sert d’espace praticable pour les résidents de l’EMS existant. La conception du projet se fonde sur l’idée d’unité, au sens sociologique du terme, qui renforce le sentiment d’appartenance des utilisateurs tout en favorisant des interactions subtiles entre les enfants et les personnes âgées.

2022