Church of the East

The Church of the East ( ʿĒḏtā d-Maḏenḥā) or the East Syriac Church, also called the Church of Seleucia-Ctesiphon, the Persian Church, the Assyrian Church, the Babylonian Church or the Nestorian Church, was an Eastern Christian church of the East Syriac Rite, based in Mesopotamia. It was one of three major branches of Eastern Christianity that arose from the Christological controversies of the 5th and 6th centuries, alongside the Oriental Orthodox Churches and the Chalcedonian Church. During the early modern period, a series of schisms gave rise to rival patriarchates, sometimes two, sometimes three. Since the latter half of the 20th century, three churches in Iraq claim the heritage of the Church of the East. Meanwhile, the East Syriac churches in India claim the heritage of the Church of the East in India. The Church of the East organized itself in 410 as the national church of the Sasanian Empire through the Council of Seleucia-Ctesiphon. In 424 it declared itself independent of the state church of the Roman Empire. The Church of the East was headed by the Catholicose of the East seated in Seleucia-Ctesiphon, continuing a line that, according to its tradition, stretched back to the Apostolic Age. According to its tradition, the Church of the East was established by Thomas the Apostle in the first century. Its liturgical rite was the East Syrian rite that employs the Divine Liturgy of Saints Addai and Mari. The Church of the East, which was part of the Great Church, shared communion with those in the Roman Empire until the Council of Ephesus condemned Nestorius in 431. Supporters of Nestorius took refuge in Sasanian Persia, where the Church refused to condemn Nestorius and became accused of Nestorianism, a heresy attributed to Nestorius. It was therefore called the Nestorian Church by all the other Eastern churches, both Chalcedonian and non-Chalcedonian, and by the Western Church. Politically the Sassanian and Roman empires were at war with each other, which forced the Church of the East to distance itself from the churches within Roman territory.

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Laboratoire Berlinopolis. Règles pour une addition urbaine — Rules for an Urban Addition (Berlin, D)

Reto Keller

«Berlin - die Stadt die immer wird, aber niemals ist». «Berlin- La ville qui devient sans cesse, mais qui n'est jamais». (SCHEFFLER, KAR, 1910). La ville de Berlin fascine comme terrain d'expérimentation, où chaque époque de l'architecture et de l'urbanisme a laissé des fragments, des traces qui ne sont finalement jamais continuées. Le tissu berlinois est toujours fortement marqué par la morphologie en îlot avec une prédominance des immeubles de logement du XIXe siècle, qui sont des expressions nettes d'une optimisation d'espace; le but est d'offrir à l'investisseur un rendement financier maximal par l'exploitation de la densité maximale. Image et expression de calcul froid, ces immeubles sont aujourd'hui des porteurs importants de l'image et du caractère de la ville de Berlin. De nos jours, comment insérer un projet dans ce tissu urbain avec son vocabulaire typique tout en étant contemporain? Aujourd'hui, comment une telle "machine" d'habitation à haute densité peut-elle offrir des qualités et attirer à la fois les habitants avec un budget limité et la clientèle financièrement plus aisée, qui déménagerait autrement dans le Speckgürtel, les alentours de la banlieue de Brandenburg? Comment la diversité des classes sociales et des usages peuvent-elles être réunies à l'intérieur d'une forme urbaine? Comment un morceau de ville, qui se veut exemplaire, peut-il être ajouté à ce tissu, sachant que, peut-être, il ne se répètera jamais?

2006

Alopen

Alopen (, ; also "Aleben", "Aluoben", "Olopen," "Olopan," or "Olopuen") is the first recorded Assyrian Christian missionary to have reached China, during the Tang dynasty. He was a missionary from the Church of the East (also known as the "Nestorian Church"), and probably a Syriac speaker from the Sasanian Empire or from Byzantine Syria. He is known exclusively from the Xi'an Stele, which describes his arrival in the Tang capital of Chang'an in 635 and his acceptance by Emperor Taizong of Tang.

East Syriac Rite

The East Syriac Rite or East Syrian Rite, also called the Edessan Rite, Assyrian Rite, Persian Rite, Chaldean Rite, Nestorian Rite, Babylonian Rite or Syro-Oriental Rite, is an Eastern Christian liturgical rite that employs the Divine Liturgy of Saints Addai and Mari and the East Syriac dialect as its liturgical language. It is one of two main liturgical rites of Syriac Christianity, the other being the West Syriac Rite (Syro-Antiochene Rite).

Ecclesiastical province

An ecclesiastical province is one of the basic forms of jurisdiction in Christian Churches with traditional hierarchical structure, including Western Christianity and Eastern Christianity. In general, an ecclesiastical province consists of several dioceses (or eparchies), one of them being the archdiocese (or archeparchy), headed by a metropolitan bishop or archbishop who has ecclesiastical jurisdiction over all other bishops of the province. In the Greco-Roman world, ecclesia (ἐκκλησία; ecclesia) was used to refer to a lawful assembly, or a called legislative body.