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The combined sugar and ethanol production process from sugar cane is a paradigmatic application for energy integration strategies because of the high number of hot and cold streams involved, the external hot utility requirement at two temperature levels fo ...
In the first part, we described the synthesis of C-(1'→1) and C-(1'→4) disaccharide precursors, which are readily obtained via the carbonylative Stille coupling of glucal and isolevoglucosenone derivatives. Tin glycals and triflates, derived from isolevogl ...
In solution-state NMR spectroscopy, dynamic processes can be probed provided the nuclear relaxation rate constant does not exceed the rate constant of the process. Phenomena occurring on a time scale longer than the spin-lattice relaxation time constant, T ...
Nitrogen-in-the-ring analogues of L-fucose and L-rhamnose were prepared, which feature a spirocyclopropyl moiety in place of the methyl group of the natural sugar. The synthetic route involved a titanium-mediated aminocyclopropanation of a glycononitrile a ...
C-linked disaccharide derivatives mimicking O-beta-D-galactopyranosyl-(1-->3)-D-galactopyranosides (end groups in Core-B structures of biologically important proteoglycans) have been obtained from isolevoglucosenone and beta-D-galactopyranosylcarbaldehyde ...
The primary metabolic route for D-xylose, the second most abundant sugar in nature, is via the pentose phosphate pathway after a two-step or three-step conversion to xylulose-5-phosphate. Xylulose kinase (XK; EC 2.7.1.17) phosphorylates D-xylulose, the las ...
Aliphatic and ethylene glycol esters of 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) are very efficient precursors of the photosensitizer protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) for photodynamic therapy; however, they diffuse passively across the cell membrane and thus lack cell selectiv ...
Reducing the use of non-renewable fossil energy reserves together with improving the environment are two important reasons that drive interest in the use of bioethanol as an automotive fuel. Conversion of sugar and starch to ethanol has been proven at an i ...
Using readily available chiral auxiliaries such as (+)- and (-)-camphanic acid, (R,R)- and (S,S)-tartaric acid derivatives (e.g. RADO(R)-COCl, SADO(R)-COCl) efficient diastereoselective syntheses of rare sugars and glycomimetics have been developed. They e ...
The influence of substrate compn. on the yield, nature, and compn. of exopolysaccharides (EPS) produced by the food-grade strain G. xylinus I-2281 was investigated during controlled cultivations on mixed substrates contg. acetate and either glucose, sucros ...