Čačak (Чачак, tʃǎːtʃak) is a city and the administrative center of the Moravica District in central Serbia. It is located in the West Morava Valley within the geographical region of Šumadija. As of the 2022 census, the city within administrative borders has a population of 105,612 inhabitants.
The city lies about 144 km south of the Serbian capital, Belgrade. It is also located near the Ovčar-Kablar Gorge ("Serbian Mount Athos"), with over 30 monasteries built in the gorge since the 14th century.
Čačak is located in the western part of central Serbia, within the region of Šumadija. Once densely forested, the region is today characterized by its rolling hills and its fruit trees. To the south, past the Ovčar-Kablar Gorge, lie the mountains of the Dinaric Alps. These mountains incline in a gentle and wavy way toward the Čačak valley and the West Morava River.
The city administrative area covers and contains:
the Čačak valley, with an altitude between
hills between high
the mountains Jelica to the south, Vujan to the northeast, and Ovčar and Kablar to the west
Čačak has an oceanic climate (Köppen climate classification: Cfb) bordering on a humid continental climate (Köppen climate classification: Dfb). The average temperature of the city and its vicinity is with 74.1% humidity, and it is characterized by warm summers and cold winters. Winds blow from the north and northeast and rarely from the west because of the mountains that block them. The average temperature in August is , while in January it is . There are on average 38 days with snow during the year. The average wind speed is . The usual number of foggy days is 54. The average yearly precipitation is .
There are a few recorded instances of sandstorms originating in the Sahara arriving to the town.
The original name of the town was Gradac (meaning "little town"), which developed around the Moravski Gradac monastery, built in the late 12th century. First mention of the name Čačak was in a document issued by the Republic of Ragusa.
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Šumadija (Шумадија, ʃumǎdija) is a geographical region in the central part of Serbia. The area used to be heavily covered with forests, hence the name (from šuma 'forest'). The city of Kragujevac is the administrative center of the Šumadija District in the Šumadija and Western Serbia statistical region. The region is very fertile, and it is known for its extensive fruit production (apples, grapes, plums, etc.). Šumadija received its name from the dense and impassable forests which covered the region, particularly in the 16th and 17th centuries.
Shtokavian or Štokavian (ʃtɒˈkɑːviən,_-ˈkæv-; štokavski / штокавски, ʃtǒːkaʋskiː) is the prestige supradialect of the pluricentric Serbo-Croatian language and the basis of its Serbian, Croatian, Bosnian and Montenegrin standards. It is a part of the South Slavic dialect continuum. Its name comes from the form for the interrogative pronoun for "what" što (Western Shtokavian; it is šta in Eastern Shtokavian). This is in contrast to Kajkavian and Chakavian (kaj and ča also meaning "what").
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