Concept

Spontaneous symmetry breaking

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Solving puzzles of spontaneously broken spacetime symmetries

Andrey Shkerin

We establish a classical analog of the Nambu-Goldstone theorem for spontaneous breaking of spacetime symmetries. It provides a counting rule for independent Nambu-Goldstone fields and states which of them are gapped. We demonstrate that only those symmetry ...

AMER PHYSICAL SOC2018

On massive Nambu-Goldstone fields

Andrey Shkerin

We consider two theories undergoing the same spontaneous symmetry breaking pattern but with different representations of an order parameter under the Lorentz group. The effective description of the first theory includes a massive Nambu-Goldstone field, whi ...

EDP SCIENCES2018

Helium-induced electronic transitions in photo-excited Ba+–Hen exciplexes

Marcel Drabbels

The possibility for helium-induced electronic transitions in a photo-excited atom is investigated using Ba+ excited to the 6p 2P state as a prototypical example. A diabatization scheme has been designed to obtain the necessary potential energy surfaces and ...

2018

Conformal symmetry: Towards the link between the Fermi and the Planck scales

Andrey Shkerin

If the mass of the Higgs boson is put to zero, the classical Lagrangian of the Standard Model (SM) becomes conformally invariant (CI). Taking into account quantum non-perturbative QCD effects violating CI leads to electroweak symmetry breaking with the sca ...

ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV2018

Controlling the helicity of magnetic skyrmions in a beta-Mn-type high-temperature chiral magnet

Henrik Moodysson Rønnow, Jonathan White

Magnetic helices and skyrmions in noncentrosymmetric magnets are representative examples of chiral spin textures in solids. Their spin swirling direction, often termed as the magnetic helicity and defined as either left handed or right handed, is uniquely ...

AMER PHYSICAL SOC2018

Symmetry breakdown of electron emission in extreme ultraviolet photoionization of argon

Eugenio Ferrari

Short wavelength free-electron lasers (FELs), providing pulses of ultrahigh photon intensity, have revolutionized spectroscopy on ionic targets. Their exceptional photon flux enables multiple photon absorptions within a single femtosecond pulse, which in t ...

NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP2018

Long-range symmetry breaking in embedded ferroelectrics

Dragan Damjanovic

The characteristic functionality of ferroelectric materials is due to the symmetry of their crystalline structure. As such, ferroelectrics lend themselves to design approaches that manipulate this structural symmetry by introducing extrinsic strain. Using ...

2018

Optimized up-down asymmetry to drive fast intrinsic rotation in tokamaks

Justin Richard Ball

Breaking the up-down symmetry of the tokamak poloidal cross-section can significantly increase the spontaneous rotation due to turbulent momentum transport. In this work, we optimize the shape of flux surfaces with both tilted elongation and tilted triangu ...

2018

Hybrid seesaw leptogenesis and TeV singlets

Majid Ekhterachian, Luca Vecchi

The appealing feature of inverse seesaw models is that the Standard Model (SM) neutrino mass emerges from the exchange of TeV scale singlets with sizable Yukawa couplings, which can be tested at colliders. However, the tiny Majorana mass splitting between ...

ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV2018

Nodeless superconductivity in the noncentrosymmetric Mo3Rh2N superconductor: A mu SR study

Joël Mesot

The noncentrosymmetric superconductor Mo3Rh2N, with T-c = 4.6 K, adopts a beta-Mn-type structure (space group P4(1)32), similar to that of Mo3Al2C. Its bulk superconductivity was characterized by magnetization and heat-capacity measurements, while its micr ...

AMER PHYSICAL SOC2018