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Concept
Constitution of Greece
Summary
The Constitution of Greece (Syntagma tis Elladas) was created by the Fifth Revisionary Parliament of the Hellenes in 1974, after the fall of the Greek military junta and the start of the Third Hellenic Republic. It came into force on 11 June 1975 (adopted two days prior) and has been amended in 1986, 2001, 2008 and 2019.
The constitutional history of Greece goes back to the Greek War of Independence (1821–1832), during which the first three Greek constitutions were adopted by the revolutionary national assemblies. Syntagma Square (Plateia Syntagmatos) in Athens is named after the first constitution adopted in the modern Greek State.
The Constitution consists of 120 articles, in four parts:
The first part (articles 1-3), Basic Provisions, establishes Greece as a presidential parliamentary democracy (or republic – the Greek δημοκρατία can be translated both ways), and confirms the prevalence of the Orthodox Church in Greece.
The second part (Individual and Social Rights, articles 4-25), concerns individual and social rights, whose protection has been reinforced after the Revision of 2001. The new provisions regulate subjects such as the protection of personal data and the competence of certain independent authorities.
The third part (Organization and functions of the State, articles 26-105) describes the organization and function of the State. Article 28 formally integrates international laws and international conventions into Greek law.
The fourth part (Special, Final and Transitory Provisions, articles 106-120) comprises special, final and transitory provisions.
Greek constitutional amendment of 1986Greek constitutional amendment of 2001 and Greek constitutional amendment of 2008
The Constitution of 1975 has been revised four times: in 1986, 2001, 2008 and 2019.
Parliament has the right to revise or amend the Constitution, except for the articles dealing with the "Form of the State" (the establishment of the presidential, parliamentary republic) and the articles safeguarding human rights and freedoms, which are unalterable.
Official source
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