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Belgium, officially the Kingdom of Belgium, is a country in Northwestern Europe. The country is bordered by the Netherlands to the north, Germany to the east, Luxembourg to the southeast, France to the southwest, and the North Sea to the northwest. It covers an area of and has a population of more than 11.5 million, making it the 22nd most densely populated country in the world and the 6th most densely populated country in Europe, with a density of . Belgium is part of an area known as the Low Countries, historically a somewhat larger region than the Benelux group of states, as it also included parts of northern France. The capital and largest metropolitan area is Brussels and the largest city is Antwerp; other major cities are Ghent, Charleroi, Liège, Bruges, Namur, and Leuven. Belgium is a sovereign state and a federal constitutional monarchy with a parliamentary system. Its institutional organization is complex and is structured on both regional and linguistic grounds. It is

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L'architecture du sol pour une économie du territoire. Densification d'un secteur de villas sur la colline de Montelly (Lausanne)

Michael Desaules

Au cours des dernières décennies, notre mode de vie a beaucoup évolué, ceci se manifeste notamment par une augmentation de la surface de logement. Ainsi, pour une même population, un nombre plus important de constructions devient nécessaire. Afin de limiter l'étalement urbain et ainsi économiser le territoire, une solution consiste à partager le terrain déjà construit. Les zones de faible densité sont alors les premières concernées. Or il est aujourd'hui très difficile de développer de tels lieux tant ils sont bloqués. Ces secteurs doivent alors être repensés. Comment les densifier tout en préservant la qualité de vie, le bâti et le caractère du lieu ? Comment empiéter sur le terrain du voisin sans le gêner ? L'objet de ma recherche consiste à s'intéresser aux zones villas, trouver un moyen qui permette de les libérer des contraintes de la parcelle qui bloquent aujourd'hui leur développement. Plutôt que d'agir en surface, le principe consiste à opérer par « dessous » en suivant la topographie qui devient alors le thème d'intervention. Le projet s'intègre à un quartier de Lausanne, sur la colline de Montelly. Il constitue un lieu d'intervention possible, une zone villas proche du centre ville, surélevée et très arborisée, ce qui lui confère une grande qualité. Par une approche sensible, les maisons respectent le bâti et la végétation, elles recherchent les vues et se lient avec la topographie pour s'insérer avec délicatesse dans le paysage…

2009

Validity and Reliability of a French Version of the Metacognitions Questionnaire in a Nonclinical Population

We investigated the psychometric properties of a French translation of the Metacognitions Questionnaire (MCQ). 265 participants from the French-speaking population of Belgium completed the MCQ. Construct validity was assessed by means of a factor analysis, retaining 5 factors for oblique rotation. Most items loaded on appropriate factors. Confirmatory factor analysis was also conducted in order to assess construct validity and to test goodness of fit to the original 5-factor structure. This revealed that the 5-factor structure had an adequate fit. In general, results offer evidence that the present French version of the MCQ taps into similar metacognitive aspects and that it possesses adequate psychometric properties, comparable to those reported in the original validation study of the MCQ.

2009

Underground Pumped Storage Hydropower Case Studies in Belgium: Perspectives and Challenges

Elena Vagnoni

To avoid the geographical and topographical prerequisites of the conventional pumped hydro energy storage, the use of underground cavities as water reservoirs allows countries without steep topography, such as Belgium, to increase the potential of the energy storage capacity. Belgium abounds in disused mines and quarries convertible into water basins. In this article, two Belgian case studies are presented and discussed for their singularity. A slate quarry in Martelange is discussed in technical aspects proposing three operating scenarios. Moreover, a preliminary economic analysis of the underground pumped storage system and a greenhouse gas emission evaluation for the storage system's lifetime are presented. The analysis for a 100 MW power plant estimates a total initial investment of over 12 million euros and two million of CO2 avoided over its lifetime. This article also proposes the use of the coal mine 500 m deep of Perronnes-lez-Binche. The mine representation discussed here offers a high energy capacity, but the substantial head drop (from about 500 to 200 m) challenges the selection of the hydraulic turbomachinery. A 1D simulation computed in SIMSEN draws out the behaviour of the unusual hydraulic configuration of turbines in series.

MDPI2020

Brussels

Brussels (Bruxelles bʁysɛl or bʁyksɛl; Brussel ˈbrʏsəl), officially the Brussels-Capital Region (Région de Bruxelles-Capitale; Brussels Hoofdstedelijk Gewest), is a region of Belgium comprising 19 mun

Netherlands

The Netherlands (Nederland ˈneːdərlɑnt), informally Holland, is a country located in northwestern Europe with overseas territories in the Caribbean. It is the largest of four constituent countries o

European Union

The European Union (EU) is a supranational political and economic union of member states that are located primarily in Europe. The union has a total area of and an estimated total population of ov

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