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Concept
Brassicales
Summary
The Brassicales (or Cruciales) are an order of flowering plants, belonging to the eurosids II group of dicotyledons under the APG II system. One character common to many members of the order is the production of glucosinolate (mustard oil) compounds. Most systems of classification have included this order, although sometimes under the name Capparales (the name chosen depending on which is thought to have priority).
The order typically contains the following families:
Akaniaceae – two species of turnipwood trees, native to Asia and eastern Australia
Bataceae – salt-tolerant shrubs from America and Australasia
Brassicaceae – mustard and cabbage family; may include the Cleomaceae
Capparaceae – caper family, sometimes included in Brassicaceae
Caricaceae – papaya family
Cleomaceae
Gyrostemonaceae – several genera of small shrubs and trees endemic to temperate parts of Australia
Koeberliniaceae – one species of thorn bush native to Mexico and the US Southwest
Limnanthaceae – meadowfoam family
Moringaceae – thirteen species of trees from Africa and India
Pentadiplandraceae – African species whose berries have two highly sweet tasting proteins
Resedaceae – mignonette family
Salvadoraceae – three genera found from Africa to Java
Setchellanthaceae
Tiganophytaceae
Tovariaceae
Tropaeolaceae – nasturtium family
The following diagram shows the phylogeny of the Brassicales families along with their estimated ages, based on a 2018 study of plastid DNA:
On 20 April 2020, a newly described monotypic species from Namibia, namely, Tiganophyton karasense is placed under this order as a monotypic member of new family Tiganophytaceae, which is closely related to Bataceae, Salvadoraceae and Koeberliniaceae.
Under the Cronquist system, the Brassicales were called the Capparales, and included among the "Dilleniidae". The only families included were the Brassicaceae and Capparaceae (treated as separate families), the Tovariaceae, Resedaceae, and Moringaceae. Other taxa now included here were placed in various other orders.
Official source
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