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Concept
1899 in science
Summary
The year 1899 in science involved some significant events, listed below.
December 2 – During the new moon, a near-grand conjunction of the classical planets and several binocular Solar System bodies occur. The Sun, Moon, Mercury, Mars and Saturn are all within 15° of each other, with Venus 5° ahead of this conjunction and Jupiter 15° behind. Accompanying the classical planets in this grand conjunction are Uranus (technically visible unaided in pollution-free skies), Ceres and Pallas.
The 80 cm refracting telescope is completed at Potsdam Observatory.
May 1 – The National Trust in the United Kingdom acquires its first part of Wicken Fen, making it the country's oldest wetland nature reserve.
November 8 – The New York Zoological Society opens the Bronx Zoological Park to the public in New York City under the direction of William Temple Hornaday.
Actinium is discovered by André-Louis Debierne.
International Committee on Atomic Weights established.
January 23 – The British Southern Cross Expedition crosses the Antarctic Circle. Later in the year, it first charts Duke of York Island.
Élie Cartan first defines the exterior derivative in its modern form.
David Hilbert publishes Grundlagen der Geometrie, proposing a formal set, Hilbert's axioms, to replace Euclid's elements.
Georg Alexander Pick publishes his theorem on the area of simple polygons.
Bubonic plague enters Brazil through the seaport of Santos.
March 6 – Felix Hoffmann patents Aspirin and Bayer registers its name as a trademark.
October 2 – The London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine is established by Patrick Manson at the Albert Dock Seamen's Hospital.
May 8 - Ernest Rutherford publishes his discovery of two different types of radiation, alpha rays and beta rays.
Henri Becquerel discovers that radiation from uranium consists of charged particles and can be deflected by magnetic fields.
Hertha Ayrton becomes the first woman to read her own paper (on the electric arc) before the Institution of Electrical Engineers in London, of which soon afterwards she is elected the first female member.
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