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Concept
Henri Cartan
Summary
Henri Paul Cartan (kaʁtɑ̃; 8 July 1904 – 13 August 2008) was a French mathematician who made substantial contributions to algebraic topology.
He was the son of the mathematician Élie Cartan, nephew of mathematician Anna Cartan, oldest brother of composer fr, physicist fr and mathematician fr, and the son-in-law of physicist Pierre Weiss.
According to his own words, Henri Cartan was interested in mathematics at a very young age, without being influenced by his family. He moved to Paris with his family after his father's appointment at Sorbonne in 1909 and he attended secondary school at Lycée Hoche in Versailles.
In 1923 he started studying mathematics at École Normale Supérieure, receiving an agrégation in 1926 and a doctorate in 1928. His PhD thesis, entitled Sur les systèmes de fonctions holomorphes a variétés linéaires lacunaires et leurs applications, was supervised by Paul Montel.
Cartan taught at Lycée Malherbe in Caen from 1928 to 1929, at University of Lille from 1929 to 1931 and at University of Strasbourg from 1931 to 1939. After German invasion of France the university staff was moved to Clermont Ferrand, but in 1940 he returned to Paris to work at Université de Paris and École Normale Supérieure. From 1969 until his retirement in 1975 he was professor at Paris-Sud University.
Cartan died on 13 August 2008 at the age of 104. His funeral took place the following Wednesday on 20 August in Die, Drome.
In 1932 Cartan was invited to give a Cours Peccot at the Collège de France. In 1950 he was elected president of the Société mathématique de France and from 1967 to 1970 he was president of the International Mathematics Union. He was awarded the Émile Picard Medal in 1959, the CNRS Gold Medal in 1976, and the Wolf Prize in 1980.
He was an invited Speaker at the International Congress of Mathematics in 1932 in Zürich and a Plenary Speaker at the ICM in 1950 in Cambridge, Massachusetts and in 1958 in Edinburgh.
From 1974 until his death he had been a member of the French Academy of Sciences.
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