Insulator (genetics)

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Circadian dynamics of RNA localisation in the mammalian liver

Gene expression in eukaryotes is a complex multi-step process. It starts in the nucleus with transcription, the synthesis of a mRNA copy from a DNA template. While in the nucleus, the RNA transcript is subject to multiple co- and post-transcriptional modif ...

EPFL2021

A complex regulatory landscape involved in the development of mammalian external genitals

Denis Duboule, Christopher Chase Bolt, Lucille Delisle

Developmental genes are often controlled by large regulatory landscapes matching topologically associating domains (TADs). In various contexts, the associated chromatin backbone is modified by specific enhancer-enhancer and enhancer-promoter interactions. ...

2020

Computational study of transcription factor binding sites

Romain Fernand Pietro Groux

Any living organism contains a whole set of instructions encoded as genes on the DNA. This set of instructions contains all the necessary information that the organism will ever need, from its development to a mature individual to environment specific resp ...

EPFL2020

Chromatin topology and the timing of enhancer function at the HoxD locus

Denis Duboule, Lucille Delisle, Leonardo Beccari, Edgardo Rodriguez Carballo

The HoxD gene cluster is critical for proper limb formation in tetrapods. In the emerging limb buds, different subgroups of Hoxd genes respond first to a proximal regulatory signal, then to a distal signal that organizes digits. These two regulations are e ...

National Academy of Sciences2020

Three-dimensional chromatin interactions remain stable upon CAG/CTG repeat expansion

Marion Leleu, Ludovica Vanzan, Flavia Marzetta, Ioannis Xenarios

Expanded CAG/CTG repeats underlie 13 neurological disorders, including myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) and Huntington's disease (HD). Upon expansion, disease loci acquire heterochromatic characteristics, which may provoke changes to chromatin conformation ...

2020

Primate-restricted KRAB zinc finger proteins and target retrotransposons control gene expression in human neurons

Didier Trono, Bart Deplancke, Priscilla Turelli, Christian Axel Wandall Thorball, Julien Léonard Duc, Charlène Mireille Raymonde Raclot, Alexandre Coudray, Julien Paul André Pontis, Delphine Yvette L Grun, Christopher James Playfoot

In the first days of embryogenesis, transposable element-embedded regulatory sequences (TEeRS) are silenced by Kruppel-associated box (KRAB) zinc finger proteins (KZFPs). Many TEeRS are subsequently co-opted in transcription networks, but how KZFPs influen ...

2020

Inter-embryo gene expression variability recapitulates the hourglass pattern of evo-devo

Bart Deplancke, Vincent Roland Julien Gardeux, Michael Vincent Frochaux

Background The evolution of embryological development has long been characterized by deep conservation. In animal development, the phylotypic stage in mid-embryogenesis is more conserved than either early or late stages among species within the same phylum ...

2020

Tracking the cargo of extracellular symbionts into host tissues with correlated electron microscopy and nanoscale secondary ion mass spectrometry imaging

Anders Meibom, Stéphane Laurent Escrig, Stéphanie Kéren Cohen

Extracellular bacterial symbionts communicate biochemically with their hosts to establish niches that foster the partnership. Using quantitative ion microprobe isotopic imaging (nanoscale secondary ion mass spectrometry [NanoSIMS]), we surveyed localizatio ...

WILEY2020

Observing protein interaction dynamics to chemically defined chromatin fibers by colocalization single-molecule fluorescence microscopy

Beat Fierz, Maxime Nicolas Mivelaz

In eukaryotic cells, the genome is packaged into chromatin and exists in different states, ranging from open euchromatic regions to highly condensed heterochromatic regions. Chromatin states are highly dynamic and are organized by an interplay of histone p ...

2020

Analysis of long-range gene regulation at the HoxD locus

Ana Rita De Carvalho Amândio Lhopitallier

Hoxd genes are essential for the development of the various body axes in vertebrates and hence the underlying regulatory mechanisms are of paramount importance. Among these various mechanisms are long-range acting enhancers, which are located in the two ad ...

EPFL2019

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Tracking the cargo of extracellular symbionts into host tissues with correlated electron microscopy and nanoscale secondary ion mass spectrometry imaging

Anders Meibom, Stéphane Laurent Escrig, Stéphanie Kéren Cohen

WILEY2020

Observing protein interaction dynamics to chemically defined chromatin fibers by colocalization single-molecule fluorescence microscopy

Beat Fierz, Maxime Nicolas Mivelaz

2020