Energy system

Summary

An energy system is a system primarily designed to supply energy-services to end-users. The intent behind energy systems is to minimise energy losses to a negligible level, as well as to ensure the efficient use of energy. The IPCC Fifth Assessment Report defines an energy system as "all components related to the production, conversion, delivery, and use of energy". The first two definitions allow for demand-side measures, including daylighting, retrofitted building insulation, and passive solar building design, as well as socio-economic factors, such as aspects of energy demand management and remote work, while the third does not. Neither does the third account for the informal economy in traditional biomass that is significant in many developing countries. The analysis of energy systems thus spans the disciplines of engineering and economics. Mergi

Official source

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energy_system

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EnergyScope Europe - Data research and model adaptation

Samuel Martin Peter Meyer

To fullfil the Paris agreement, the transition from fossil to renewable energy systems is inevitable. But to plan and reach that transition, the energy system for 2050 first has to be designed. The goal of this semester project is to adapt the system-based and cross-sectoral energy planning tool EnergyScope, developed at EPFL, to the whole European Union, including the United Kingdom and Switzerland. In a first step, all the necessary input parameters will be collected and calculated, and then be summarized in a RMarkdown report for each country. It is also created a tool written in R that prepares the collected data as an input for the EnergyScope model. That way, updates and changes in the input data will be facilitated. In a second step, the monthly EnergyScope model will be regionalized. The new model will be able to search for possible solutions for different scenarios, how to satisfy the end use demand with the available ressources, using which technology. And to optimize them with respect to total costs and total global warming potential.

2021

Neighbourhood energy concepts for mixed industrial and commercial sites can be developed by applying energy integration techniques. This study presents an application of these techniques on a concrete site (RTA facility in Vienna, Austria), focussing on the possibility to recover the heat rejected from an industrial cooling process to heat a number of office buildings. The data set provided allows for characteristing the heat rejected and modelling the heat recovery possibilities by the help of composite curves. The data characterising the waste heat and the heat demand represented by these curves is generated by a Montecarlo simulation at a hourly time step. The parameters characterising the size of heat recovery and storage equipment are the decision variables of a thermoeconomic objective function which is minimized towards minimal energy costs for the buildings. This analysis leads to the optimal design of heat exchanger and thermal storage. The results show that 35% of the energy costs of a passive building can be saved under such conditions. However, the investments are not profitable for a conventional office building which requires heat at a higher temperature level. This study therefore introduces the need for a further analysis which would take into account the refrigeration requirements on the industrial side and propose an energy system design while taking into account the energy costs of the entire site (office buildings and industrial facility).

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Overview over the design (and planning) of Urban energy systems

Davide Migliorisi

This report presents some approaches to modelize urban energy systems. More precisely, as a first step, a clear definition of what is an urban energy system model is exposed before listing the main tech- niques of modelization. With the goal to run a case study, two of these techniques are developed, the technology design and the system design. The latter is characterized by the use of optimization tools, which are briefly explained. Softwares like OSMOSE are run thanks to optimization methods, that is why the decomposition of an opti- mization sequence and then the software itself are presented. Finally, the theoretical part of this report is closed by the introduction of a central notion when modelizing and optimizing urban energy systems, the pinch analysis. The second part of the present report illustrates the use of the tools and concepts seen by then through a case study. Playing with two conflictive objectives, OSMOSE is run to find the best trade off for the example of the Meyrin Site, exploited by the CERN.

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