Summary
In analytical chemistry, a calibration curve, also known as a standard curve, is a general method for determining the concentration of a substance in an unknown sample by comparing the unknown to a set of standard samples of known concentration. A calibration curve is one approach to the problem of instrument calibration; other standard approaches may mix the standard into the unknown, giving an internal standard. The calibration curve is a plot of how the instrumental response, the so-called analytical signal, changes with the concentration of the analyte (the substance to be measured). In more general use, a calibration curve is a curve or table for a measuring instrument which measures some parameter indirectly, giving values for the desired quantity as a function of values of sensor output. For example, a calibration curve can be made for a particular pressure transducer to determine applied pressure from transducer output (a voltage). Such a curve is typically used when an instrument uses a sensor whose calibration varies from one sample to another, or changes with time or use; if sensor output is consistent the instrument would be marked directly in terms of the measured unit. The operator prepares a series of standards across a range of concentrations near the expected concentration of analyte in the unknown. The concentrations of the standards must lie within the working range of the technique (instrumentation) they are using. Analyzing each of these standards using the chosen technique will produce a series of measurements. For most analyses a plot of instrument response vs. concentration will show a linear relationship. The operator can measure the response of the unknown and, using the calibration curve, can interpolate to find the concentration of analyte. The data - the concentrations of the analyte and the instrument response for each standard - can be fit to a straight line, using linear regression analysis. This yields a model described by the equation y = mx + y0, where y is the instrument response, m represents the sensitivity, and y0 is a constant that describes the background.
About this result
This page is automatically generated and may contain information that is not correct, complete, up-to-date, or relevant to your search query. The same applies to every other page on this website. Please make sure to verify the information with EPFL's official sources.
Related publications (5)

Calibration of ground surface albedo models

Christophe Ballif, Pierre-Jean Alet, Arttu Matias Tuomiranta

The emergence of bifacial photovoltaics as a serious option for large-scale power generation makes the accuracy of the in-situ estimation of ground surface albedo increasingly critical. Recent studies
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD2022

Label-free Analytics by Transmission Localized-SPR and its Application to Small Molecules Monitoring in Serum

Giulia Cappi

In the frame of therapeutic drug monitoring and personalized medicine, point-of-care systems (POCs) that can help overcome long waiting times for results and costly procedures of clinical tests are hi
EPFL2014

On-Chip Digital Background Calibration of Pipelined Analog-to-Digital Converters using Digital Assistance to support Nonlinear Residue Amplification

Thomas Liechti

This thesis describes a novel digital background calibration scheme for pipelined ADCs with nonlinear interstage gain. Errors caused by the nonlinear gains are corrected in real-time by adaptively pos
EPFL2012
Show more
Related concepts (5)
Matrix (chemical analysis)
In chemical analysis, matrix refers to the components of a sample other than the analyte of interest. The matrix can have a considerable effect on the way the analysis is conducted and the quality of the results are obtained; such effects are called matrix effects. For example, the ionic strength of the solution can have an effect on the activity coefficients of the analytes. The most common approach for accounting for matrix effects is to build a calibration curve using standard samples with known analyte concentration and which try to approximate the matrix of the sample as much as possible.
Spectrophotometry
Spectrophotometry is a branch of electromagnetic spectroscopy concerned with the quantitative measurement of the reflection or transmission properties of a material as a function of wavelength. Spectrophotometry uses photometers, known as spectrophotometers, that can measure the intensity of a light beam at different wavelengths. Although spectrophotometry is most commonly applied to ultraviolet, visible, and infrared radiation, modern spectrophotometers can interrogate wide swaths of the electromagnetic spectrum, including x-ray, ultraviolet, visible, infrared, and/or microwave wavelengths.
Calibration curve
In analytical chemistry, a calibration curve, also known as a standard curve, is a general method for determining the concentration of a substance in an unknown sample by comparing the unknown to a set of standard samples of known concentration. A calibration curve is one approach to the problem of instrument calibration; other standard approaches may mix the standard into the unknown, giving an internal standard. The calibration curve is a plot of how the instrumental response, the so-called analytical signal, changes with the concentration of the analyte (the substance to be measured).
Show more
Related courses (1)
EE-515: Fundamentals of biosensors and electronic biochips
The labels "biosensor"€ and "eBiochip" have been employed to refer to the most diverse systems and in several fields of application. The course is meant not only to provide means to dig into this sea
Related lectures (9)
Chemical analysis: spectrometry
Covers chemical analysis using spectrometry, focusing on X-ray and electron spectrometers, monochromators, and calibration methods.
X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry XRFS
Covers X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry (XRFS), a chemical analysis technique using emitted X-rays when excited by an X-ray primary beam.
Chemical Analysis: X-Ray Micro-Analysis XRMA
Covers X-Ray Micro-Analysis (XRMA) comparing techniques for analyzing matter with electron beams, discussing interaction volume, emission, fluorescence, and matrix effects.
Show more