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Thulium is a heavy rare earth element (REE) whose geochemical behavior is intermediate between Er and Yb, and that is not expected to be decoupled from these elements during accretion of planetary bodies and geological processes. However, irregularities in ...
We describe a new method that only focuses on the local region surrounding an infalling dwarf in an effort to understand how the hot baryonic halo alters the chemodynamical evolution of dwarf galaxies. Using this method, we examine how a dwarf, similar to ...
Gaia is a cornerstone mission in the science programme of the European Space Agency (ESA). The spacecraft construction was approved in 2006, following a study in which the original interferometric concept was changed to a direct-imaging approach. Both the ...
Recent palaeomagnetic observations(1) report the existence of a magnetic field on Earth that is at least 3.45 billion years old. Compositional buoyancy caused by inner-core growth(2) is the primary driver of Earth's present-day geodynamo(3-5), but the inne ...
Inner solar system bodies, including the Earth, Moon, and asteroids, are depleted in volatile elements relative to chondrites. Hypotheses for this volatile element depletion include condensation from the solar nebula and volatile loss during energetic impa ...
Seismic imaging of the internal Earth has emphasized the inhomogeneity of its mantle. This interface layer of nearly 3000 km surrounding the central metallic core conducts heat released from the latter, which played a significant role in shaping the actual ...
We discovered a mistake in Eqs. (7) and (10) of Saglia et al. (2010, A&A, 524, A6), which propagates to Tables 8 and 9 and Fig. 25. We revise the tables, the figure and the affected statements in the paper. As a result, the reduction in the luminosity evol ...
The formation of Earth's core left behind geophysical and geochemical signatures in both the core and mantle that remain to this day. Seismology requires that the core be lighter than pure iron and therefore must contain light elements, and the geochemistr ...
Tidal dwarf galaxies (TDGs) are recycled objects that form within the collisional debris of interacting and merging galaxies. They are expected to be devoid of non-baryonic dark matter, since they can only form from dissipative material ejected from the di ...
This paper describes the methods used to produce photometrically calibrated maps from the Planck High Frequency Instrument (HFI) cleaned, time-ordered information. HFI observes the sky over a broad range of frequencies, from 100 to 857 GHz. To obtain the b ...