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Concept
Rusyns
Summary
Rusyns (Русины), also known as Carpatho-Rusyns (Карпаторусины or Карпатьскы Русины), or Rusnaks (Руснакы or Руснаци), are an East Slavic ethnic group from the Eastern Carpathians in Central Europe. They speak Rusyn, an East Slavic language variety, treated variously as either a distinct language or a dialect of the Ukrainian language. As traditional adherents of Eastern Christianity, the majority of Rusyns are Eastern Catholics, though a minority of Rusyns still practice Eastern Orthodoxy. Rusyns primarily self-identify as a distinct Slavic people and they are recognized as such in Croatia, Hungary, Poland, Romania, Serbia, and Slovakia, where they have official minority status. Alternatively, some identify more closely with their country of residence (i.e. Polish, Slovak), while others are a branch of the Ukrainian people.
Rusyns are descended from an East Slavic population which inhabited the northeastern regions of the Eastern Carpathians. In those regions, there are several Rusyn groups, including Dolinyans, Boykos, Hutsuls and Lemkos.
Of the estimated 1.7 million people of Rusyn origin, only around 110,000 have been officially identified as such in recent ( 2012) national censuses. This is largely because some census-taking authorities classify them as a subgroup of the Ukrainian people, while others classify them as a distinct ethnic group.
The term Rusyn (Русин, plural Русины) originates from the archaic ethnonym Rus. The respective endonymic adjective has traditionally been rusʹkŷi (руськый m., руська f., руське/руськое n.), though rusynʹskŷi (русиньскый, русинськый, русинский, русиньскій, русински) has also been used; even more so after 1989.
In interwar Czechoslovakia, Ruthenia was called Rusinsko in Czech; sometimes rendered Rusinia or Rusynia in American-Rusyn publications.
Carpatho-Rusyn or Carpatho-Ruthenian (karpato-Rusyny) is the main regional designation for Rusyns.
Official source
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