Concept

Pancreatic beta cell function

Related publications (46)

The role of nicotinamide riboside metabolism in pancreatic beta cells

Pancreatic beta cells play a major role in the regulation of glucose homeostasis by secreting insulin in response to elevated blood glucose levels. A gradual deterioration of functional beta cell mass and the chronic elevation of blood glucose levels are c ...

EPFL2022

Pancreatic Sirtuin 3 Deficiency Promotes Hepatic Steatosis by Enhancing 5-Hydroxytryptamine Synthesis in Mice With Diet-Induced Obesity

Johan Auwerx, Kristina Schoonjans

Sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) is a protein deacetylase regulating beta-cell function through inhibiting oxidative stress in obese and diabetic mice, but the detailed mechanism and potential effect of beta-cell-specific SIRT3 on metabolic homeostasis, and its potential ...

AMER DIABETES ASSOC2021

Targeting Mitochondrial Calcium Uptake with the Natural Flavonol Kaempferol, to Promote Metabolism/Secretion Coupling in Pancreatic beta-cells

Umberto De Marchi, Guillaume Jacot

Pancreatic beta-cells secrete insulin to lower blood glucose, following a meal. Maintenance of beta-cell function is essential to preventing type 2 diabetes. In pancreatic beta-cells, mitochondrial matrix calcium is an activating signal for insulin secreti ...

2020

Augmented mitochondrial energy metabolism is an early response to chronic glucose stress in human pancreatic beta cells

Loïc Dayon, Andreas Wiederkehr, Sofia Moco, Isabelle Chareyron

Aims/hypothesis In islets from individuals with type 2 diabetes and in islets exposed to chronic elevated glucose, mitochondrial energy metabolism is impaired. Here, we studied early metabolic changes and mitochondrial adaptations in human beta cells durin ...

2020

Maternal glucose homeostasis is impaired in mouse models of gestational cholestasis

Kristina Schoonjans

Women with intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP), a disorder characterised by raised serum bile acids, are at increased risk of developing gestational diabetes mellitus and have impaired glucose tolerance whilst cholestatic. FXR and TGR5 are modulato ...

NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP2020

In pancreatic islets from type 2 diabetes patients, the dampened circadian oscillators lead to reduced insulin and glucagon exocytosis

Daniel Sage

Circadian clocks operative in pancreatic islets participate in the regulation of insulin secretion in humans and, if compromised, in the development of type 2 diabetes (T2D) in rodents. Here we demonstrate that human islet alpha- and beta-cells that bear a ...

NATL ACAD SCIENCES2020

Compound 18 Improves Glucose Tolerance in a Hepatocyte TGR5-dependent Manner in Mice

Kristina Schoonjans, Adriano Maida

The bile acid receptor, TGR5, is a key regulator of glucose homeostasis, but the mechanisms by which TGR5 signaling improves glucose regulation are incompletely defined. In particular, TGR5 has an increasingly appreciated role in liver physiology and patho ...

2020

Role of metabolism and mitochondria during glucose sensing and glucose-induced dysfunction in human pancreatic beta-cells

Isabelle Chareyron

Glucose sensing and regulation of insulin secretion are the two main functions performed by the pancreatic beta-cell. Together these processes contribute to the tight control of blood glucose in our body. Compromising the ability of the beta-cells to prope ...

EPFL2019

Mechanism and effects of pulsatile GABA secretion from cytosolic pools in the human beta cell

Steinunn Baekkeskov Hanahan, Chiara Cianciaruso, Petra Catalina Schwalie, Edward Allen Phelps

Pancreatic beta cells synthesize and secrete the neurotransmitter GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid) as a paracrine and autocrine signal to help regulate hormone secretion and islet homeostasis. Islet GABA release has classically been described as a secretory- ...

2019

Non-invasive diagnosis and metabolic consequences of congenital portosystemic shunts in C57BL/6 J mice

Hongxia Lei, Ana Francisca Leal Silva Soares

This study demonstrates the suitability of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) for the imaging of congenital portosystemic shunts (PSS) in mice, a vascular abnormality in which mesenteric blood bypasses the liver and i ...

2018

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