Concept

John Randolph Bray

Summary
John Randolph Bray (August 25, 1879 – October 10, 1978) was an American animator, cartoonist, and film producer. John Randolph Bray was born in Addison, Michigan on August 25, 1879, to Methodist Presbyterian minister Edward Bray and his wife Sarah. He was educated at the Detroit School of Boys and the Detroit School of Art. Bray enrolled at the Michigan's Alma College for a degree in civil engineering, but dropped out after a year. After he dropped out of college, Bray was a journalist for the Detroit Evening Press, however this proved fruitless. A couple years after this job, Bray landed a job for the Brooklyn Daily Eagle, in which he met his friend Max Fleischer. While he was in Brooklyn, he met an immigrant from Germany named Margaret Till, and they married in 1904. He worked for Judge from 1907 to 1909, drawing a comic named Little Johnny and the Teddy Bears, simply named The Teddy Bears in its first run. Bray became interested in animation in the early years of moving pictures. In 1913, his first animated film was released, titled The Artist's Dream. By 1914, he opened a New York area studio specifically organized to make animated films. Unlike newspaper cartoonist Winsor McCay, who had been making short animated films for several years, Bray organized his studio according to the principles of industrial production, an approach that Raoul Barré, another animator, also adopted at around the same time. As the 1910s progressed, Bray's studio became a powerhouse in the early animation industry. The studio assembled a staff that included many accomplished animators, and it produced a steady and widely distributed stream of animated shorts. Bray contributed a series featuring his Colonel Heeza Liar series, which was among the most popular series of animated shorts in that era. Bray Productions produced over 500 films between 1913 and 1937, mostly animation films and documentary shorts. Cartoonist Paul Terry worked briefly for Bray Studios in 1916. Bray produced the first animated film in color, The Debut of Thomas Cat (1920), in Brewster Color.
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