United States dollarThe United States dollar (symbol: ;currencycode:USD;alsoabbreviatedUS to distinguish it from other dollar-denominated currencies; referred to as the dollar, U.S. dollar, American dollar, or colloquially buck) is the official currency of the United States and several other countries. The Coinage Act of 1792 introduced the U.S. dollar at par with the Spanish silver dollar, divided it into 100 cents, and authorized the minting of coins denominated in dollars and cents. U.S. Silver standardThe silver standard is a monetary system in which the standard economic unit of account is a fixed weight of silver. Silver was far more widespread than gold as the monetary standard worldwide, from the Sumerians 3000 BC until 1873. Following the discovery in the 16th century of large deposits of silver at the Cerro Rico in Potosí, Bolivia, an international silver standard came into existence in conjunction with the Spanish pieces of eight. These silver dollar coins played the role of an international trading currency for nearly four hundred years.
Hong Kong dollarThe Hong Kong dollar (, sign: HK$; code: HKD) is the official currency of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region. It is subdivided into 100 cents or 1000 mils. The Hong Kong Monetary Authority is the monetary authority of Hong Kong and the Hong Kong dollar. Three commercial banks are licensed by the Hong Kong Monetary Authority to issue their own banknotes for general circulation in Hong Kong.
Indian rupeeThe Indian rupee (symbol ₹; code: INR) is the official currency in the Republic of India. The rupee is subdivided into 100 paise (Hindi pl; singular: paisa). The issuance of the currency is controlled by the Reserve Bank of India. The Reserve Bank manages currency in India and derives its role in currency management on the basis of the Reserve Bank of India Act, 1934. Pāṇini (6th to 4th century BCE) mentions ISO (रूप्य).
£sd£sd (occasionally written Lsd, spoken as "pounds, shillings and pence" or pronounced ɛl.ɛsˈdiː ) is the popular name for the pre-decimal currencies once common throughout Europe, especially in the British Isles and hence in several countries of the British Empire and subsequently the Commonwealth. The abbreviation originates from the Latin currency denominations librae, solidi, and denarii. In the United Kingdom, these were referred to as pounds, shillings, and pence (pence being the plural of penny).
Canadian dollarThe Canadian dollar (symbol: ;code:CAD;dollarcanadien)isthecurrencyofCanada.Itisabbreviatedwiththedollarsign. There is no standard disambiguating form, but the abbreviations Can,CA and Carefrequentlyusedfordistinctionfromotherdollar−denominatedcurrencies(thoughC remains ambiguous with the Nicaraguan córdoba). It is divided into 100 cents (¢). Owing to the image of a common loon on its reverse, the dollar coin, and sometimes the unit of currency itself, may be referred to as the loonie by English-speaking Canadians and foreign exchange traders and analysts. Dollar signThe dollar sign, also known as peso sign, is a currency symbol consisting of a capital "S" crossed with one or two vertical strokes (ordependingontypeface),usedtoindicatetheunitofvariouscurrenciesaroundtheworld,includingmostcurrenciesdenominated"peso"and"dollar".Theexplicitlydouble−barredsigniscalledcifra~oinPortuguese.Thesignisalsousedinseveralcompoundcurrencysymbols,suchastheBrazilianreal(R) and the United States dollar (US$): in local use, the nationality prefix is usually omitted. RenminbiThe renminbi (; symbol: ¥; ISO code: CNY; abbreviation: RMB) is the official currency of the People's Republic of China. It is the 5th most traded currency as of April 2022. The yuan ( or ) is the basic unit of the renminbi, but the word is also used to refer to the Chinese currency generally, especially in international contexts. One yuan is divided into 10 jiao (), and the jiao is further subdivided into 10 fen (). The renminbi is issued by the People's Bank of China, the monetary authority of China.
JáchymovJáchymov (ˈjaːxɪmof; Sankt Joachimsthal or Joachimsthal) is a spa town in Karlovy Vary District in the Karlovy Vary Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 2,400 inhabitants. Jáchymov has a long mining tradition, thanks to which it used to be the second most populous town in the Kingdom of Bohemia in 1534. At first silver was mined here. The silver Joachimsthaler coins minted here since the 16th century gave their name to the Thaler and the dollar.
List of circulating currenciesThere are 180 currencies recognized as legal tender in United Nations (UN) member states, UN General Assembly non-member observer states, partially recognized or unrecognized states, and their dependencies. However, excluding the pegged (fixed exchange rate) currencies, there are only 130 currencies that are independent or pegged to a currency basket. Dependencies and unrecognized states are listed here only if another currency is used on their territory that is different from the one of the state that administers them or has jurisdiction over them.
