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The total resources form copper, zinc and lead was estimated from a reworking of the literature. The data was used as input to the integrated systems dynamics model BRONZE, and used to estimate the global supply of these metals and the by-products antimony ...
Transmission System Operators (TSOs) deploy frequency control reserves and regulating power to maintain the load-generation balance in real-time operation of power systems. In the Nordic countries, the TSOs buy regulating power from the Nord Pool regulatin ...
Control reserves are power generation or consumption entities that ensure balance of supply and demand of electricity in real-time. In many countries, they are procured through a market mechanism in which entities provide bids. The system operator determin ...
Transmission System Operators (TSOs) deploy frequency control reserves and regulating power to maintain the load-generation balance in real-time operation of power systems. In the Nordic countries, the TSOs buy regulating power from the Nord Pool regulatin ...
Decision making in electricity markets under uncertainty has worldwide gained attention due to an increasing number of uncertain parameters associated to technology developments and market evolution. Hence, the market operator faces new challenges pertaini ...
A linear programming framework is proposed to model distribution network characteristics, and market clearing processes for flexible load and distributed energy resources providing reserve and reactive power compensation. One shows that the Nash equilibriu ...
Process industries (PI) have thrived in recent decades, but structural changes in the markets are currently putting both growth and profitability at risk. In a period of tumbling prices, supply chain management (SCM) is increasingly viewed as an essential ...
During the last two decades, an evolving market structure is recognised starting from the spot market and its derivatives, resulting to several other markets such as the Intraday Market (IM), the Balancing Market (BM) and the Reserve Capacity Market (RCM). ...
This paper presents a real-world application of stochastic programming in the Swiss hydro-based system. The seasonal hydrological conditions may cause insufficient market volume to an extent that security criteria (i.e., the criteria determining of reserve ...
We develop a finite horizon continuous time market model, where risk-averse investors maximize utility from terminal wealth by dynamically investing in a risk-free money market account, a stock, and a defaultable bond, whose prices are determined via equil ...