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Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is a common disease with increasing prevalence, presenting with impaired walking ability affecting patient's quality of life. PAD epidemiology is known, however, mechanisms underlying functional muscle impairment remain un ...
It is well known that the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) plays a pivotal role in the pathophysiology of cardiovascular diseases. This is well illustrated by the great success of ACE inhibitors and angiotensin (Ang) II AT(1) blockers in the treatment of hyp ...
Along with the growing body of evidence that total internal concentration is not a good indicator of toxicity, the Critical Body Residue (CBR) approach recently evolved into the Tissue Residue Approach (TRA) which considers the biologically active portion ...
Background: Cerebral autoregulation (CA) is a protective mechanism which maintains the steadiness of the cerebral blood flow (CBF) through a broad range of systemic blood pressure (BP). Acute hypertension has been shown to reduce the cerebrovascular adapta ...
Objectives: To investigate the effect of general anesthesia on aortic compliance and other cardiovascular hemodynamics in chronically instrumented pigs with compliant and noncompliant (stiff) aortas. Design: Experimental study. Setting: University animal l ...
W B Saunders Co-Elsevier Inc2013
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Decrease in arterial compliance leads to an increased pulse pressure, as explained by the Windkessel effect. Pressure waveform is the sum of a forward running and a backward running or reflected pressure wave. When the arterial system stiffens, as a result ...
Collagen plays an important role in the response of the arterial wall to mechanical loading and presumably has a load-bearing function preventing overdistension. Collagen configuration is important for understanding this role, in particular in mathematical ...
Surgical or critically ill patients often require continuous assessment of cardiac output (CO) for diagnostic purposes or for guiding therapeutic interventions. A new method of non-invasive CO estimation has been recently developed, which is based on press ...
Total arterial compliance (C (T)) is a main determinant of cardiac afterload, left ventricular function and arterio-ventricular coupling. C (T) is physiologically more relevant than regional aortic stiffness. However, direct, in vivo, non-invasive, measure ...
Aortic stiffness, assessed by carotid-to-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV), often fails to predict cardiovascular (CV) risk and mortality in the very elderly. This may be due to the non-linear association between PWV and compliance or to blood pressure dec ...