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Concept
European Spallation Source
Summary
The European Spallation Source ERIC (ESS) is a multi-disciplinary research facility based on the world's most powerful pulsed neutron source. It is currently under construction in Lund, Sweden. The ESS Data Management and Software Centre (DMSC) will be located in Copenhagen, Denmark. The 13 European member countries act as partners in the construction and operation of ESS. ESS will start the scientific user program in 2023, and the construction phase will be complete by 2025. ESS is the world's most powerful next-generation neutron source, and will enable scientists to see and understand basic atomic structures and forces at lengths and time scales unachievable at other neutron sources.
The research infrastructure, owned by 13 European nations, is built close to the Max IV Laboratory. The colocation of powerful neutron and X-ray facilities is a productive strategy (e.g. the Institut Laue–Langevin with the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility; the ISIS Neutron and Muon Source with the Diamond Light Source), because much of the knowledge, technical infrastructure, and scientific methods associated with neutron and X-ray technologies are similar.
The construction of the facility began in the summer of 2014 and the first science results produced are planned for 2023. Scientists and engineers from more than 100 partner laboratories are working on updating and optimising the advanced technical design of the ESS facility, and at the same time are exploring how to maximise its research potential. These partner laboratories, universities, and research institutes are also contributing human resources, knowledge, equipment, and financial support through In-Kind Contributions.
ESS will use nuclear spallation, a process in which neutrons are liberated from heavy elements by high energy protons. This is intrinsically a much safer process than uranium fission.
Official source
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