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Bonaventure, OFM (ˈbɒnəvɛntʃər,_ˌbɒnəˈvɛntʃər ; Bonaventura da Bagnoregio ˌbɔnavenˈtuːra da (b)baɲɲoˈrɛːdʒo; Bonaventura de Balneoregio; born Giovanni di Fidanza; 1221 – 15 July 1274) was an Italian Catholic Franciscan bishop, cardinal, scholastic theologian and philosopher. The seventh Minister General of the Order of Friars Minor, he also served for a time as Bishop of Albano. He was canonised on 14 April 1482 by Pope Sixtus IV and declared a Doctor of the Church in 1588 by Pope Sixtus V. He is known as the "Seraphic Doctor" (Doctor Seraphicus). His feast day is 15 July. Many writings believed in the Middle Ages to be his are now collected under the name Pseudo-Bonaventure. He was born at Civita di Bagnoregio, not far from Viterbo, then part of the Papal States. Almost nothing is known of his childhood, other than the names of his parents, Giovanni di Fidanza and Maria di Ritella. Bonaventure reports that in his youth he was saved from an untimely death by the prayers of Francis of Assisi, which is the primary motivation for Bonaventure's writing the vita. He entered the Franciscan Order in 1243 and studied at the University of Paris, possibly under Alexander of Hales, and certainly under Alexander's successor, John of Rochelle. In 1253 he held the Franciscan chair at Paris. A dispute between seculars and mendicants delayed his reception as Master until 1257, where his degree was taken in company with Thomas Aquinas. Three years earlier his fame had earned him the position of lecturer on The Four Books of Sentences—a book of theology written by Peter Lombard in the twelfth century—and in 1255 he received the degree of master, the medieval equivalent of doctor. After having successfully defended his order against the reproaches of the anti-mendicant party, he was elected Minister General of the Franciscan Order. On 24 November 1265, he was selected for the post of Archbishop of York; however, he was never consecrated and resigned the appointment in October 1266.

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Alexander of Hales

Alexander of Hales (also Halensis, Alensis, Halesius, Alesius əˈliːsiəs; 1185 21 August 1245), also called Doctor Irrefragibilis (by Pope Alexander IV in the Bull De Fontibus Paradisi) and Theologorum Monarcha, was a Franciscan friar, theologian and philosopher important in the development of scholasticism. Alexander was born at Hales, Shropshire (today Halesowen, West Midlands), England, between 1180 and 1186. He came from a rather wealthy country family. He studied at the University of Paris and became a master of arts sometime before 1210.

Medieval philosophy

Medieval philosophy is the philosophy that existed through the Middle Ages, the period roughly extending from the fall of the Western Roman Empire in the 5th century until after the Renaissance in the 13th and 14th centuries. Medieval philosophy, understood as a project of independent philosophical inquiry, began in Baghdad, in the middle of the 8th century, and in France, in the itinerant court of Charlemagne, in the last quarter of the 8th century.

Bonaventure

Pacemaker Montréal. Projet pour un bâtiment multifonctionnel comme initiateur d'une stratégie urbaine (Cité multimédia, Place Bonaventure et Griffintown; Montréal, Québec, Canada)

Alain Walther

En tant que quartier des gares, centre d'affaires et faubourg industriel longeant le canal de Lachine, la partie de ville considérée bourdonnait autrefois de vie. Mais les années 1960 ont amené une pression politique de modernisation et d'équipement dans tout le Québec, et un nouveau centre d'affaires s'est établi au Nord-Ouest de l'ancien. Depuis, un pont de chemin de fer et une autoroute avec sa rampe et ses entrées viennent couper les voies de l'ancien faubourg. La gare Bonaventure et la navigation sur le canal de Lachine ont disparus et l'énorme bâtiment multifonctionnel "Place Bonaventure" lui tourne le dos sans offrir de façade présentable, créant un no man's land au coeur d'une métropole de 3.5 millions d'habitants. Partant du bâtiment "Place Bonaventure" situé à la limite du nouveau centre d'affaires, marqué par un petit saut topographique, la réflexion sur le projet a entraîné le déplacement de la rampe de l'autoroute faisant place à un grand espace d'articulation sous forme d'un boulevard urbain à l'entrée de la ville.

2006