Courtyard Buildings: Urban Evolution in Europe

This lecture explores the evolution of urban principles that shaped European cities in the 19th century, focusing on courtyard buildings. It discusses the transformation from fragmented to controlled urban compositions, exemplified by the development of courtyard complexes in cities like Vienna, Berlin, and Copenhagen. The lecture delves into the architectural and urban planning strategies employed to address housing shortages and improve living conditions, emphasizing the integration of collective spaces, green areas, and public amenities within these complexes. The presentation highlights the role of prominent architects such as Otto Wagner, Carl Henn, and Joseph Hoffmann in designing innovative housing solutions. It also touches upon the socio-political context that influenced the construction of these iconic buildings, showcasing how they continue to offer high-quality living environments today.