Translation initiation: Prokaryotes vs Eukaryotes

This lecture covers the process of translation initiation in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. In prokaryotes, translation starts at the AUG codon, facilitated by the Shine-Dalgarno sequence. The ribosome recruitment mechanism allows direct entry to the mRNA coding region. In eukaryotes, translation initiation involves circularization of mRNA, ensuring quality control. The scanning mechanism locates the first AUG in a favorable context for translation. The lecture also explains the role of fMet as the initial amino acid in bacterial protein synthesis and the differences in translation between prokaryotes and eukaryotes. The process of ribosome binding, codon recognition, and peptide bond formation is detailed.