Lecture
This lecture covers the concept of spontaneity in chemical reactions, the first and second principles of thermodynamics, and the relationship between entropy and the direction of a reaction. It also explains the thermodynamic definition of a spontaneous process, the microscopic definition of entropy, and the third principle of thermodynamics. The lecture delves into the calculation of entropy for complex systems, the standard molar entropy of reactions, and the prediction of reaction spontaneity under different conditions. Additionally, it discusses the Gibbs free energy, the standard free enthalpy of formation, and the temperature dependence of spontaneity in reactions.