Microscopy Resolution: Understanding Diffraction Patterns

This lecture introduces the concept of resolution in microscopy, focusing on diffraction patterns produced by different apertures. Starting with the double slit experiment, the instructor explains the interference equation and the diffraction of gratings, rectangular apertures, and circular apertures. The lecture covers the relationship between aperture size and diffraction patterns, the use of diffraction gratings to disperse light, and the formation of Airy rings. Additionally, the instructor discusses the Fourier transform plane, the 4-f imaging system, spatial filtering using masks, and the impact of spatial filters on image resolution.