Transistors: Fundamentals and Operation

This lecture covers the basics of transistors, starting with the silicon wafer fabrication process, thermal oxidation, and epitaxy. It then delves into the structure and operation of pn junction diodes and bipolar transistors, explaining the roles of the collector, base, and emitter. The lecture also discusses the flow of currents in transistors, the effects of polarity, and the behavior of majority and minority carriers in different junctions.