Nucleotides: Structure and Function

This lecture covers the general structure of nucleotides, including purine and pyrimidine bases, phosphate groups, and pentose sugars. It explains the differences between nitrogenous bases like adenine, guanine, cytosine, thymine, and uracil. The lecture also delves into nucleic acid strands, nucleotides, polynucleotides, and the sugar-phosphate backbone. It discusses the structure of DNA, the double helix model, base pairing rules, and the antiparallel nature of DNA strands. Additionally, it explores the differences between DNA and RNA, focusing on the sugar-phosphate backbone, bases, and hydrogen bonding. The lecture concludes with an overview of RNA structure, function, and the process of protein synthesis through transcription and translation.