Photosynthesis: Energy Conversion in Chloroplasts

This lecture explores the process of photosynthesis, where solar energy is converted into chemical energy by chloroplasts. It covers the discovery of photosynthesis, the role of autotrophs in producing organic molecules, the structure and function of chloroplasts, the two stages of photosynthesis (photochemical reactions and the Calvin cycle), the absorption of light by photosynthetic pigments, and the generation of ATP and NADPH. The lecture also delves into the electron transport chain, the importance of the photosystems I and II, and the comparison of chemiosmosis in chloroplasts and mitochondria.