Lecture
This lecture explores the innovative governance of large urban systems, focusing on smart cities and the interview with Ms. Nathalie Leboucher, Executive Vice President at RATP Group. It delves into six main categories of emerging business models in transport, including intermediation, platform, pay as you use, device-centric, low cost, data-centric, and decentralized services. Legacy transport operators are facing fierce competition from digital players, transport operators, car manufacturers, transport authorities, and new mobility operators.