This lecture explores the impact of temperature on materials, discussing thermal expansion, specific heat, thermal diffusion, and thermomechanical constraints. It covers examples of disasters caused by temperature changes in materials, the coefficient of linear thermal expansion, and the thermal conductivity of various materials. The lecture also delves into thermal expansion generating deformations and stresses, thermo-mechanical constraints, and the practical consequences of thermal circuit breakers. Additionally, it examines the influence of temperature on properties such as mechanical and physical characteristics, including specific heat and thermal diffusion.