Specific Heat and Latent Heat in Matter States

This lecture covers the concept of heat, defined as the energy exchanged between a system and its environment in forms other than work, through contact or radiation. It explores the modification of internal energy based on the first law of thermodynamics, focusing on the relationship between work and heat. The lecture also delves into specific heat, discussing how it represents the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of a unit mass of a substance by one degree Celsius. Additionally, it explains latent heat, which is the heat absorbed or released during a phase change without a change in temperature. The examples provided illustrate the application of these concepts in understanding energy transfer and phase transitions in different materials.