Surface States and Electron Confinement

This lecture covers the quantum corral concept, electron confinement in a crystal, surface states in real crystals, Bloch states, and the observation of surface states on noble metal surfaces. It also discusses Friedel oscillations, inelastic electron tunneling spectroscopy, single bond formation with STM, spin-flip excitation by STM, and single-atom spin-flip spectroscopy. The chemical contrast in STM imaging and the processes of molecule recognition, displacement, and single bond formation are also explained.